Question 1: Which organelle is responsible for energy production in the cell?

Answer: Mitochondria

Question 2: True or False: All cells have a cell wall.

Answer: False

Question 3: The nucleus is often referred to as the 'control center' of the cell. Explain why.

Answer: The nucleus contains DNA, which controls the cell's activities and functions.

Question 4: What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Answer: To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 5: Match the following cell structures to their functions:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 6: Order the steps of protein synthesis:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 7: Fill in the blank: In plant cells, the _____ is responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products.

Answer: vacuole

Question 8: True or False: The cell membrane is selectively permeable.

Answer: True

Question 9: Calculate the surface area to volume ratio of a cube-shaped cell with a side length of 2 micrometers. Use the formula: Surface Area = 6a², Volume = a³

Answer: 3

Question 10: Explain how the structure of the cell membrane contributes to its function.

Answer: The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows it to be fluid, flexible, and selectively permeable, facilitating the movement of substances across it while maintaining the cell's internal environment.

Question 11: Describe the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration.

Answer: Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration, where glucose is converted into ATP, providing energy for the cell.

Question 12: Why is the cell wall important for plant cells?

Answer: The cell wall provides structural support and protection, helping the plant cell maintain its shape.

Question 13: Identify the main differences between plant and animal cells.

Answer: Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not. Plant cells also often have a larger central vacuole.

Question 14: Identify the process by which cells divide, and explain its significance.

Answer: Cells divide through a process called mitosis, which ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. This is crucial for growth, repair, and reproduction in organisms.