Question 1: Which of the following is not part of the human digestive system?

Answer: Lungs

Question 2: True or False: The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb nutrients.

Answer: False

Question 3: Explain the function of the pancreas in digestion.

Answer: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid.

Question 4: Match the following terms to their definitions:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 5: Order the following processes in the correct sequence as food passes through the digestive system:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 6: Complete the sentence: The main function of the small intestine is to ____ nutrients from digested food.

Answer: absorb

Question 7: Describe how the structure of the villi in the small intestine aids in nutrient absorption.

Answer: The villi are small and numerous, increasing surface area for more efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.

Question 8: Calculate the energy content of a meal containing 10g of carbohydrates, 5g of proteins, and 2g of fats. Use the formula: Energy (kcal) = (Carbohydrates x 4) + (Proteins x 4) + (Fats x 9)

Answer: 74 kcal

Question 9: True or False: Saliva contains enzymes that begin the digestion of proteins.

Answer: False

Question 10: What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Answer: Hydrochloric acid helps break down food and kills bacteria.

Question 11: Discuss the process of digestion from ingestion to excretion, highlighting the role of different organs in the digestive system.

Answer: The digestive process begins with ingestion, where food is taken into the mouth and chewed by the teeth. Saliva, which contains enzymes, begins the digestion of carbohydrates. The food then travels down the esophagus through peristalsis to the stomach, where gastric juices continue the breakdown, particularly of proteins. The mixture moves into the small intestine, where bile from the liver and enzymes from the pancreas further digest the food. The small intestine absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream through its villi. The remaining waste moves into the large intestine, where water is absorbed, and the waste is eventually excreted through the rectum and anus.