Question 1: Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Answer: Fluorine

Question 2: Match the following periodic trends to their characteristics:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 3: The atomic number of an element is the number of ____.

Answer: protons

Question 4: Element X is known to have a larger atomic radius than Element Y. What can you infer about their positions on the periodic table?

Answer: Element X is likely to be positioned to the left or lower than Element Y on the periodic table.

Question 5: Which of the following statements about periodic trends is true?

Answer: Ionization energy increases across a period.

Question 6: True or False: Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Answer: True

Question 7: Explain why noble gases have high ionization energies.

Answer: Noble gases have a full valence shell, making them stable and requiring more energy to remove an electron.

Question 8: Order the following elements by increasing atomic radius: Sodium, Potassium, Lithium.

Answer: See full answer key

Question 9: Calculate the average atomic mass of Chlorine if its isotopes are 75% Cl-35 and 25% Cl-37. Show your working.

Answer: 35.5

Question 10: Describe how the structure of the periodic table reflects the properties of elements, and discuss the significance of periodic trends.

Answer: The periodic table is structured in such a way that elements with similar properties are grouped together in columns, known as groups. Rows, or periods, reflect the filling of electron shells. Periodic trends, such as atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity, arise due to the arrangement of electrons and nuclear charge. These trends are significant as they help predict element behavior and reactivity.

Question 11: True or False: Electronegativity increases down a group in the periodic table.

Answer: False

Question 12: Explain the trend in ionization energy across Period 3 of the periodic table.

Answer: Ionization energy generally increases across Period 3 due to increasing nuclear charge, which attracts the electrons more strongly, making them harder to remove.

Question 13: Which element would you expect to have a higher atomic radius: Calcium or Magnesium? Explain your answer.

Answer: Calcium is expected to have a higher atomic radius than Magnesium because atomic radius increases down a group as additional electron shells are added.