Question 1: Which of the following is a method of separating a solid from a liquid?

Answer: Filtration

Question 2: True or False: Distillation can be used to separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points.

Answer: True

Question 3: Explain why chromatography is used in the separation of pigments.

Answer: Chromatography separates pigments based on their differing solubilities and adsorption to the stationary phase.

Question 4: Match the following terms to their definitions:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 5: Briefly describe what is meant by 'fractional distillation'.

Answer: Fractional distillation is a technique to separate mixtures of liquids with different boiling points using a fractionating column.

Question 6: Order the following steps in the process of filtration:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 7: Calculate the mass of salt remaining after 100g of a saltwater solution is evaporated completely. Assume initial salt concentration is 20%.

Answer: 20 grams

Question 8: True or False: Sieving is an effective method to separate a mixture of liquids.

Answer: False

Question 9: Fill in the blank: The process of separating a liquid from a solution using heat is called ________.

Answer: evaporation

Question 10: Discuss the advantages and limitations of using distillation for purifying water. (6 marks)

Answer: Distillation can effectively remove impurities and dissolved solids, producing pure water. However, it is energy-intensive and may not be suitable for large-scale purification due to cost and time constraints.

Question 11: What is the principle behind using a magnet to separate mixtures?

Answer: Magnetic separation uses a magnet to attract magnetic materials from a mixture, separating them from non-magnetic components.