Question 1: Which of the following is a characteristic of solids according to the particle model?

Answer: Particles are closely packed in a fixed position

Question 2: What happens to the particles in a gas when it is compressed?

Answer: They get closer together

Question 3: True or False: In a liquid, particles are arranged in a regular pattern.

Answer: False

Question 4: True or False: The temperature of a substance is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles.

Answer: True

Question 5: Explain how the particle model of matter can be used to describe the process of melting.

Answer: During melting, particles gain energy, vibrate more vigorously, and eventually overcome the forces of attraction holding them in a fixed position, transitioning from a solid to a liquid.

Question 6: Describe what happens at the particle level when a liquid boils.

Answer: When a liquid boils, its particles gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces, resulting in the transition from liquid to gas as particles move freely.

Question 7: What is the formula for calculating density? Use it to find the density of a material with a mass of 200g and a volume of 50cm³.

Answer: Density = Mass/Volume = 200g/50cm³ = 4g/cm³

Question 8: Match the following states of matter with their descriptions:

Answer: See full answer key

Question 9: Arrange the following processes in the correct order: Condensation, Freezing, Boiling, Melting.

Answer: See full answer key

Question 10: Fill in the blank: In the process of ________, a gas turns directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state.

Answer: sublimation

Question 11: Discuss how the particle model of matter explains the differences in density between solids, liquids, and gases. Include examples and implications for real-world applications.

Answer: The particle model explains density differences based on particle arrangement and spacing. In solids, particles are tightly packed, resulting in higher density. Liquids have particles less tightly packed than solids, giving them moderate density. Gases have particles far apart, resulting in low density. This model helps understand buoyancy, material selection in engineering, and weather patterns.