Question 1: Define 'employment law' and explain why it is important for both employers and employees.

Answer: Employment law is a set of legal rules that govern the relationship between employers and employees. It is important because it protects workers' rights, ensures fair treatment, and helps employers comply with legal obligations.

Question 2: List three key rights that employees have under UK employment law.

Answer: Employees have the right to: 1) a minimum wage, 2) protection against unfair dismissal, 3) paid holiday leave.

Question 3: Describe what an employment contract typically includes.

Answer: An employment contract usually includes details such as job title, salary, working hours, holiday entitlement, notice period, and terms of employment.

Question 4: Explain the purpose of the Equality Act 2010 in the workplace.

Answer: The Equality Act 2010 aims to prevent discrimination and promote equal opportunities regardless of age, gender, race, disability, religion, or other protected characteristics.

Question 5: Identify two reasons why a business might need to follow health and safety laws in the workplace.

Answer: To protect employees from harm and to comply with legal requirements to avoid penalties or legal action.

Question 6: Describe what is meant by 'unfair dismissal' and give one example scenario.

Answer: Unfair dismissal occurs when an employee is dismissed without a fair reason or without following proper procedures. For example, dismissing an employee without warning or a valid reason.

Question 7: Sketch a simple flowchart showing the process an employee might follow if they believe they have been unfairly dismissed.

Answer: A correct sketch would include: Employee raises complaint or seeks advice → Employee submits a formal grievance or claims to an employment tribunal → Tribunal reviews case and makes a decision → Possible outcomes include reinstatement, compensation, or dismissal upheld.

Question 8: Explain the difference between 'voluntary' and 'mandatory' redundancy.

Answer: Voluntary redundancy occurs when employees choose to leave, often in exchange for a redundancy payment. Mandatory redundancy is initiated by the employer due to business needs, such as restructuring or cost-cutting.

Question 9: Draw a diagram illustrating the key stages involved in recruiting a new employee.

Answer: A correct diagram should include stages such as: Job advertisement → Application collection → Shortlisting candidates → Interviews → Selection decision → Job offer → Onboarding.

Question 10: What are the consequences for a business if it fails to comply with employment laws?

Answer: Consequences can include legal penalties, fines, damage to reputation, and potential lawsuits from employees.