Question 1: Define mass production and explain one advantage of this method for large-scale manufacturers.

Answer: Mass production is a method where large quantities of identical products are produced efficiently using assembly lines or automated processes. An advantage is that it reduces the cost per unit, making products cheaper for consumers.

Question 2: Identify and describe two differences between batch production and job production.

Answer: Batch production involves producing a set number of identical products in groups or batches, allowing for some variety. Job production involves making a single, custom product tailored to specific customer requirements, often requiring more time and skill.

Question 3: List three features of flow production and explain why it is suitable for manufacturing consumer goods.

Answer: Features of flow production include continuous production process, use of assembly lines, and high automation. It is suitable for consumer goods because it allows for high-volume output and consistent quality at low cost.

Question 4: Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of job production.

Answer: An advantage of job production is that it allows for high customization to meet customer needs. A disadvantage is that it is often more expensive and time-consuming compared to other methods.

Question 5: Explain what is meant by 'just-in-time' (JIT) production and give one benefit of using this method.

Answer: Just-in-time production is a method where materials and components arrive exactly when needed for production, reducing inventory costs. A benefit is that it minimises storage costs and waste.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram showing the basic layout of a production line used in flow production. Label the main stages.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a straight or circular conveyor belt with labeled stages such as 'Raw materials', 'Assembly', 'Quality check', and 'Finished products'.

Question 7: Discuss one reason why a small business might prefer batch production over flow production.

Answer: A small business might prefer batch production because it allows for flexibility and variety in products, and requires less capital investment compared to continuous flow systems.

Question 8: Sketch a diagram to illustrate the difference between job production and flow production. Use two separate spaces for each, and label key features.

Answer: The job production sketch should show an individual worker or small team working on a single, bespoke product. The flow production sketch should depict an assembly line with many identical products moving through stages.

Question 9: Explain how automation impacts production methods, mentioning at least one benefit and one challenge.

Answer: Automation increases production speed and reduces human error, leading to higher efficiency and lower costs. However, it can require significant initial investment and may lead to job losses.

Question 10: Evaluate the suitability of using flow production for a bespoke furniture business.

Answer: Flow production is generally unsuitable for bespoke furniture because it relies on standardized products and continuous processes. Custom furniture requires flexibility, which is better suited to job or batch production.