Question 1: Define the term 'legal rights'. How do they differ from moral rights?

Answer: Legal rights are rights that are protected and enforced by law, such as the right to free speech or the right to a fair trial. Moral rights are based on personal or societal ethical beliefs and are not necessarily enforceable by law.

Question 2: Give two examples of rights protected by the Human Rights Act 1998.

Answer: Examples include the right to life and the right to privacy.

Question 3: Explain how the right to freedom of expression can be limited in the UK.

Answer: The right to freedom of expression can be limited to prevent harm to others, such as restrictions on hate speech, incitement to violence, or defamation laws.

Question 4: Describe a situation where a person's rights might conflict with the rights of others. How should such conflicts be resolved?

Answer: An example is freedom of religion conflicting with anti-discrimination laws. Such conflicts are typically resolved by balancing rights, often through court decisions that consider which right outweighs the other in the specific context.

Question 5: Sketch a diagram that shows the relationship between individual rights, community rights, and state responsibilities. Label each component clearly.

Answer: A Venn diagram with three overlapping circles labeled 'Individual Rights,' 'Community Rights,' and 'State Responsibilities.' The overlaps represent areas where rights and responsibilities intersect, such as 'public safety,' 'privacy,' and 'freedom of movement.'

Question 6: List three rights that are specifically protected for children under UK law.

Answer: The right to education, the right to be protected from harm, and the right to express their views.

Question 7: Draw a simple flowchart illustrating the process by which a new law is created in the UK Parliament.

Answer: A flowchart starting with 'Proposal for a new law' → 'First Reading' → 'Second Reading' → 'Committee Stage' → 'Report Stage' → 'Third Reading' → 'House of Lords' (if it started in House of Commons) → 'Royal Assent' → 'Law enacted.'

Question 8: Explain the significance of the Bill of Rights 1689 in shaping the rights of UK citizens.

Answer: The Bill of Rights 1689 limited the powers of the monarchy and established certain rights for Parliament and individuals, such as freedom from cruel and unusual punishment and the right to petition the monarchy.

Question 9: Identify and explain one way in which the European Convention on Human Rights influences UK law today.

Answer: The European Convention on Human Rights has led to the incorporation of rights such as the right to a fair trial and freedom from torture into UK law through the Human Rights Act 1998, ensuring these rights are protected and enforceable.

Question 10: Discuss why it is important for laws to protect individual rights in a democratic society.

Answer: Protecting individual rights ensures freedom, equality, and fairness for all citizens. It helps prevent abuse of power, promotes social justice, and allows individuals to participate fully in democratic life.