Question 1: What is the main purpose of the justice system in the UK?

Answer: The main purpose of the UK justice system is to maintain law and order, protect citizens' rights, and ensure that justice is served through fair trials and lawful punishments.

Question 2: Name the two main types of courts in the UK and briefly describe their functions.

Answer: The two main types of courts are criminal courts, which hear cases about crimes and decide on guilt and punishments, and civil courts, which resolve disputes between individuals or organizations and decide on compensation or other remedies.

Question 3: Describe the role of a jury in a criminal trial within the UK justice system.

Answer: A jury is a group of citizens who listen to the evidence presented in a criminal trial and decide whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty based on the facts of the case.

Question 4: Explain what happens during the process of a trial from start to finish.

Answer: A trial begins with the opening statements from the prosecution and defense, followed by the presentation of evidence and witness testimonies. The jury or judge then considers the evidence, and at the end, the jury delivers a verdict of guilty or not guilty. If guilty, a sentencing phase may follow.

Question 5: What is the significance of an appeal in the UK justice system?

Answer: An appeal allows a person who is unhappy with a court's decision to challenge it in a higher court, ensuring that mistakes can be corrected and justice is properly served.

Question 6: Describe the process of how a law is created in the UK Parliament.

Answer: A law begins as a proposal called a bill, which is debated and amended in Parliament. If both the House of Commons and the House of Lords agree on the bill, it is sent for Royal Assent and then becomes an Act of Parliament, a new law.

Question 7: Draw a simple diagram showing the main stages of the criminal justice process in the UK. Label each stage clearly.

Answer: A correct diagram would show the stages as: 1) Crime committed, 2) Police investigation, 3) Court trial, 4) Verdict (guilty/not guilty), 5) Sentencing or acquittal. The diagram should include arrows showing the flow from one stage to the next.

Question 8: Identify three rights that individuals have when they are accused of a crime in the UK.

Answer: The right to a fair trial, the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty, and the right to legal representation.

Question 9: Explain why it is important for the justice system to be fair and impartial.

Answer: It is important for the justice system to be fair and impartial to ensure that everyone is treated equally under the law, that innocent people are not wrongly punished, and that public confidence in the legal system is maintained.

Question 10: Sketch a simple diagram illustrating the relationship between the police, courts, and the prison system in the UK. Label each part and show how they connect.

Answer: A correct sketch would show the police investigating and arresting suspects, courts trying cases and delivering verdicts, and the prison system where convicted individuals serve their sentences. Arrows should indicate the flow: police → court → prison, or alternative outcomes like community service.