Question 1: Name the three main branches of the UK government and briefly describe their primary functions.

Answer: The three main branches are: the Executive (government ministers and the Prime Minister, responsible for implementing laws), the Legislature (Parliament, responsible for making laws), and the Judiciary (courts, responsible for interpreting laws).

Question 2: Explain the role of the Prime Minister in the UK government.

Answer: The Prime Minister is the head of the UK government, responsible for leading the Cabinet, making policy decisions, and representing the country internationally.

Question 3: Identify two key responsibilities of Parliament in the UK political system.

Answer: Passing laws and scrutinising the work of the government.

Question 4: Describe the process by which a proposed law becomes an Act of Parliament in the UK.

Answer: A proposed law, called a bill, is introduced in either the House of Commons or the House of Lords. It goes through several readings, debates, and committee stages in both Houses. If both Houses agree on the bill, it is sent to the Monarch for royal assent, after which it becomes an Act of Parliament.

Question 5: Sketch a simple diagram showing the relationship between the Prime Minister, Cabinet Ministers, Parliament, and the Monarch in the UK government. Label each part clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would show the Prime Minister connected to Cabinet Ministers, both reporting to Parliament, with the Monarch positioned as a constitutional figurehead at the top or side, indicating a ceremonial role. The diagram should clearly label each component and show the flow of responsibilities.

Question 6: Discuss why the UK has a constitutional monarchy and how it influences government decisions.

Answer: The UK has a constitutional monarchy to combine historical tradition with modern democratic governance. The Monarch's role is largely ceremonial, with real political power exercised by elected officials, ensuring a stable government while respecting tradition.

Question 7: What is the significance of the House of Lords in the UK legislative process?

Answer: The House of Lords reviews, amends, and scrutinises proposed legislation passed by the House of Commons, acting as a revising chamber to improve laws before they are enacted.

Question 8: Identify and describe one way in which citizens can influence government decisions in the UK.

Answer: Citizens can influence government decisions by voting in general elections, which determine the composition of Parliament and the government.

Question 9: Explain the difference between a general election and a local election in the UK.

Answer: A general election elects Members of Parliament to the UK Parliament, affecting national government. A local election elects representatives to local councils, influencing local services and policies.

Question 10: Describe the role of political parties in the UK government system.

Answer: Political parties compete in elections to gain seats in Parliament. The party with the most seats usually forms the government, and they develop policies and lead the country.