Question 1: Describe the main roles of the UK Parliament in the legislative process.

Answer: The UK Parliament's main roles include debating and passing laws, scrutinising the government, and representing the interests of citizens. It consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.

Question 2: Explain the difference between a Prime Minister and a monarch in the UK government.

Answer: The Prime Minister is the head of the government responsible for running the country and making policy decisions, while the monarch is the ceremonial head of state with limited constitutional powers.

Question 3: List three key functions of local councils within the UK government structure.

Answer: Local councils provide local services such as education, waste collection, and local planning; they also represent community interests and manage local budgets.

Question 4: Describe how Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected in the UK.

Answer: MPs are elected through general elections using the First Past the Post system, where the candidate with the most votes in each constituency wins a seat in the House of Commons.

Question 5: Sketch a diagram showing the main branches of the UK government and their relationships.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict three branches: the Executive (Prime Minister and Cabinet), the Legislature (Parliament), and the Judiciary (courts). Arrows should show the separation of powers and some interaction between branches.

Question 6: Explain the concept of 'sovereignty' in the context of the UK government.

Answer: Sovereignty refers to the supreme authority of the UK Parliament to make or change laws and govern the country without interference from outside sources.

Question 7: Identify two ways in which citizens can participate in the political process in the UK.

Answer: Citizens can participate by voting in elections and referendums, and by joining political parties or campaigning for issues they support.

Question 8: Discuss the importance of the rule of law in a democratic government.

Answer: The rule of law ensures that everyone is subject to the same laws, including those in power. It protects citizens' rights and prevents abuse of authority, which is essential for democracy.

Question 9: Describe what a 'hung parliament' is and how it can affect government formation.

Answer: A hung parliament occurs when no single party wins an overall majority of seats. This often leads to coalition agreements or minority governments, which can affect decision-making and stability.

Question 10: Sketch a simple flowchart showing the process of how a bill becomes law in the UK Parliament.

Answer: A correct flowchart would include stages: proposal (First Reading), detailed examination (Second Reading), committee stage, further debates, approval (Third Reading), and Royal Assent. Arrows should show the progression through these steps.