In the late 19th century, Victorian society was captivated by rapid scientific advancements and discoveries, which often sparked both admiration and anxiety. The emergence of new technologies and theories, such as Darwin's evolution and early experiments in chemistry and biology, prompted debates about morality, human identity, and the limits of science. In Robert Louis Stevenson's 'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde', these themes are explored through a narrative that questions the ethical boundaries of scientific exploration. The story is set during a period of intense scientific curiosity, where experiments sought to unlock the secrets of life itself. The character of Dr Jekyll embodies the Victorian scientist's ambitions and moral struggles, while Mr Hyde represents the darker, unchecked side of scientific pursuit. Quotes such as 'scientific curiosity' and 'the experiment' reflect this tension. The novel's themes resonate with modern science fiction, which often explores the consequences of scientific hubris and ethical dilemmas in a futuristic or speculative context. Stevenson’s work remains a powerful reflection of Victorian anxieties about scientific progress and human nature, echoing through the genre of science fiction today.