Question 1: Identify all the instances of demonstrative pronouns in the passage and explain their referents.

Answer: This refers to the nearby hill; that refers to the distant mountain.

Question 2: How does the use of 'this' and 'that' create a sense of spatial and temporal contrast in the passage?

Answer: They emphasise the proximity of the hill and the distant, historical significance of the mountain, highlighting the speaker's connection to both.

Question 3: Annotate the passage by underlining the demonstrative pronouns and noting their effect on the reader's understanding.

Answer: See full answer key

Question 4: Explain how the pronouns 'this' and 'that' guide the reader’s perception of space and time in the excerpt.

Answer: They help the reader visualise the immediate connection to the hill and the distant historical past represented by the mountain.

Question 5: What stylistic effect does the contrast between 'this' and 'that' produce in the speech?

Answer: It emphasises the difference between the present, tangible object and the distant, historical one, creating a sense of nostalgia or reverence.

Question 6: Identify the linguistic technique used when the old man 'traced the horizon' while speaking. How does this relate to the demonstrative pronouns?

Answer: The technique is imagery; it visualises the spatial connection and enhances the effect of the demonstratives by creating a vivid scene.

Question 7: Discuss how the use of 'this' and 'that' influences the tone of the passage.

Answer: They contribute to a tone of reverence and intimacy, connecting the speaker emotionally to the objects described.

Question 8: Create a short paragraph, using 'this' and 'that' appropriately to describe a scene from your local environment.

Answer: See full answer key

Question 9: In your paragraph, how do the demonstrative pronouns help establish spatial and emotional distance or closeness?

Answer: They help indicate which objects or places are near or far and evoke feelings of connection or detachment.

Question 10: Reflect on how the choice between 'this' and 'that' can change the emphasis or mood in a piece of writing. Provide an example sentence.

Answer: Using 'this' creates immediacy and intimacy; for example, 'This moment is precious.' Using 'that' can make the object seem distant or more significant, e.g., 'That idea changed everything.'