Question 1: Define the term 'biodiversity' as used in the context of the rainforest.

Answer: The variety and variability of life forms within the rainforest ecosystem.

Question 2: Identify one abiotic factor mentioned that influences rainforest ecology.

Answer: High humidity or abundant sunlight.

Question 3: Which part of the rainforest acts as a 'green roof' and what is its significance?

Answer: The canopy; it regulates microclimates and supports photosynthesis.

Question 4: Explain the importance of 'photosynthesis' in maintaining rainforest health.

Answer: Photosynthesis is vital as it allows plants to convert sunlight into chemical energy, supporting the entire food chain and maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels essential for life.

Question 5: Identify and analyse the literary technique used in the phrase 'lungs of the Earth'.

Answer: Metaphor, comparing the rainforest to lungs to emphasise its role in producing oxygen and sustaining life.

Question 6: What does the term 'climatic stability' imply about rainforest ecosystems?

Answer: It suggests that rainforest environments maintain relatively consistent temperature and humidity levels, supporting diverse life forms.

Question 7: Describe the ecological significance of the understory layer in the rainforest.

Answer: The understory provides habitat for numerous species adapted to low-light conditions, contributing to biodiversity and ecological resilience.

Question 8: Identify a scientific methodology or data type that ecologists might use to study rainforest biodiversity.

Answer: Biodiversity indices, empirical field data, or ecological sampling techniques.

Question 9: Create a short paragraph discussing the importance of conservation strategies based on scientific data in rainforest ecosystems.

Answer: Conservation strategies in rainforests are essential for preserving biodiversity and ecological functions. Scientific data, including biodiversity indices and climate studies, inform effective policies that protect these fragile environments from deforestation, climate change, and habitat loss, ensuring their sustainability for future generations.