Question 1: When did the First Fleet arrive in Australia?

Answer: 1788

Question 2: Which transportation method was primarily used to move convicts to Australia?

Answer: Ships

Question 3: Name one key reason Britain transported convicts to Australia.

Answer: Overcrowding in British prisons

Question 4: Identify a significant change in transportation in Australia during the 19th century.

Answer: The development of railways

Question 5: Why was transportation important for the growth of Australian colonies?

Answer: It allowed the movement of people, goods, and facilitated settlement and economic development.

Question 1: Source: 'The arrival of convicts by ship marked the beginning of European settlement in Australia.' What was the purpose of this source?

Answer: To emphasize the significance of transportation in establishing European settlements in Australia.

Question 2: Who might be the intended audience of this source?

Answer: Students or the general public learning about Australian colonisation.

Question 3: Evaluate the reliability of this source. What are its strengths and limitations?

Answer: Strength: It highlights key facts about transportation. Limitation: It is simplistic and lacks detailed evidence or context.

Question 1: Explain why transportation methods such as ships and railways were crucial to the development of Australia in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Answer: Transportation was vital for bringing convicts, settlers, and supplies. Ships enabled overseas movement, while railways facilitated inland movement, supporting economic growth and settlement expansion.

Question 2: Describe how transportation technology changed during the 19th century in Australia.

Answer: Transport evolved from reliance on ships to the development of extensive railway networks, improving efficiency and linking colonies.

Question 3: Explain the impact of transportation development on Indigenous Australians during colonisation.

Answer: Transportation facilitated colonisation, which led to displacement and disruption of Indigenous communities, affecting their traditional ways of life.

Question 1: To what extent did transportation improvements contribute to the economic growth of Australian colonies between 1788 and 1900?

Answer: Model answer: Transportation improvements such as ships and railways significantly contributed to economic growth by enabling the movement of goods, people, and resources. The development of railways linked rural areas with ports, facilitating exports like wool and gold. However, other factors such as government policies and technological advances also played roles, so transportation was a major but not sole factor.