Question 1: When did the transatlantic slave trade begin?

Answer: Early 16th century

Question 2: Which European country was the first to establish a significant transatlantic slave trade?

Answer: Portugal

Question 3: Name one major port involved in the transatlantic slave trade.

Answer: Liverpool

Question 4: What was the Middle Passage?

Answer: The journey of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.

Question 5: Approximately how many Africans were forcibly transported during the transatlantic slave trade?

Answer: About 12 million

Question 1: Source: A quote from a ship captain in 1750: 'We transported countless Africans, treating them as commodities without regard for their humanity.' What can you infer about the purpose and reliability of this source?

Answer: The source aims to describe the inhumane treatment of enslaved Africans; as a primary account from a ship captain, it provides direct evidence but may also reflect personal bias or justification.

Question 2: A letter from abolitionists in 1788 describes the slave trade as 'a monstrous crime.' How does this source influence your understanding of contemporary attitudes?

Answer: It shows that abolitionists viewed the trade as morally wrong, reflecting growing opposition and highlighting the importance of moral arguments against slavery.

Question 3: Evaluate the usefulness of a map showing the slave trade routes for understanding its scale and impact.

Answer: The map helps visualize the vastness of the trade routes, illustrating the scale and geographical reach, though it may not convey personal experiences or specific economic impacts.

Question 1: Explain why the transatlantic slave trade increased during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Answer: The increase was driven by the demand for cheap labor in the Americas, particularly for plantation agriculture like sugar and cotton, supported by European colonial expansion and economic interests.

Question 2: Describe how the transatlantic slave trade contributed to the development of the British Empire.

Answer: The trade generated wealth through profits from slave labor and trade goods, helping finance Britain's industrial and colonial expansion, and establishing ports like Liverpool as economic hubs.

Question 3: Explain the social and economic effects of the slave trade on African societies.

Answer: It led to social disruption, increased warfare, and the destabilization of societies. Economically, some African groups traded slaves for goods, but many suffered long-term consequences.

Question 1: To what extent did economic motives drive the transatlantic slave trade? Support your answer with evidence.

Answer: The transatlantic slave trade was primarily driven by economic motives, including the demand for cheap labor in plantation economies like sugar, tobacco, and cotton. European nations, especially Britain, profited immensely from the trade, which financed industrial growth and imperial expansion. However, moral and religious opposition also played a role in its eventual abolition. Overall, economic interests were the dominant factor, but social and political influences contributed as well.