Question 1: When was the first United States Congress held?

Answer: 1789

Question 2: Who was the leader of the Federalist Party during the early years of the US Republic?

Answer: Alexander Hamilton

Question 3: Which political party advocated for a strong central government?

Answer: Federalists

Question 4: Describe one key difference in economic policies between the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

Answer: Federalists supported a strong national bank and manufacturing, while Democratic-Republicans favored agrarianism and limited federal power.

Question 5: What year was the Bill of Rights ratified?

Answer: 1791

Question 1: Source: 'The Federalist Papers argue for a strong central government to ensure stability and unity.' What was the purpose of this source?

Answer: To persuade Americans of the need for a strong federal government and support the ratification of the Constitution.

Question 2: Evaluate the reliability of this source. What biases might it have?

Answer: As writings by Federalists like Hamilton, it likely promotes their perspective, potentially underplaying concerns about federal overreach.

Question 3: Source: 'Democratic-Republicans believed that states should retain most of their powers and oppose a strong central government.' Who was the intended audience for this source?

Answer: American citizens and politicians sympathetic to states’ rights and agrarian interests.

Question 1: Explain why the Federalists supported the creation of a national bank in 1791.

Answer: Federalists believed a national bank would stabilize the economy, improve government revenue, and strengthen federal authority, as proposed by Hamilton.

Question 2: Describe how the debate over states' rights versus federal power influenced early American politics.

Answer: This debate led to conflicts like the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, shaping the balance of power and fueling partisan divisions.

Question 3: Explain how the election of 1800 reflected the ideological differences between the two parties.

Answer: The peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans showed differing visions for government and governance style.

Question 1: To what extent did the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans differ in their visions for America’s future? Support your answer with specific examples.

Answer: A balanced essay should consider their beliefs about federal power, economic policies, foreign relations, and visions for the nation’s development, citing key figures like Hamilton and Jefferson.

Question 2: How far do you agree that the Federalist era (1789-1801) laid the foundations for modern American political parties?

Answer: Responses should evaluate the lasting impact of Federalist ideas, party organization, and ideological divisions, while considering the evolution of political parties.