Question 1: When did Oliver Cromwell lead the Parliamentarians in the English Civil War?

Answer: 1642-1651

Question 2: Which title was Oliver Cromwell given after the abolition of the monarchy?

Answer: Lord Protector

Question 3: In what year did Cromwell become Lord Protector?

Answer: 1653

Question 4: Name one reason why Cromwell's rule was significant in British history.

Answer: It marked the first time Britain was governed without a monarchy for a period.

Question 5: What was the main purpose of the New Model Army?

Answer: To create a more disciplined and effective force for the Parliamentarians.

Question 1: Source: 'Cromwell was a man of strong religious faith and determined to establish a godly rule.' What can you infer about Cromwell's motivations from this source?

Answer: The source suggests that Cromwell's actions were driven by his religious beliefs and desire to create a moral society.

Question 2: Who was the likely audience for this source, and how might that influence its content?

Answer: The audience was probably people sympathetic to Cromwell's religious ideals, so the source portrays him positively.

Question 3: Assess the reliability of this source. What are its strengths and limitations?

Answer: Strengths include its focus on Cromwell's religious motives; limitations are that it may be biased and omit other factors like political power.

Question 1: Explain why the English Civil War broke out, focusing on Cromwell's role.

Answer: The war broke out due to conflicts over royal authority, religious differences, and political power. Cromwell's support for Parliament and his military leadership were crucial factors that contributed to the conflict.

Question 2: Describe how Cromwell's rule as Lord Protector changed the government of England.

Answer: Cromwell abolished the monarchy and Parliament's traditional power, establishing a military-led republic with him as the head, which marked a significant shift from monarchy to military rule.

Question 3: Explain the significance of the Battle of Naseby in the context of Cromwell’s military career.

Answer: The Battle of Naseby (1645) was a decisive victory for Cromwell's New Model Army, effectively ending Royalist hopes and turning the tide of the Civil War in favor of Parliament.

Question 1: To what extent was Oliver Cromwell a dictator during his time as Lord Protector? Discuss with reference to his actions and policies.

Answer: Model answer should discuss Cromwell's authoritarian control, suppression of opposition, use of military force, and his attempts to control religion, balanced with recognition of his reforms and legal authority. Evidence should include his dissolution of Parliament, military rule, and religious policies.