Question 1: Listen carefully and identify the instrument described: this instrument produces a bright, ringing sound, often used in orchestras for its high pitch and clarity. It is a member of the brass family and is played by buzzing the lips into a cup-shaped mouthpiece.

Answer: The instrument is a trumpet.

Question 2: Describe the main differences in sound between a violin and a cello. Consider pitch range, tone quality, and playing technique in your answer.

Answer: A violin has a higher pitch range, producing bright, piercing sounds often played with a bow or plucked; its tone is bright and ringing. A cello has a lower pitch range, with a deeper, richer tone, and is played seated with the instrument held between the knees. The cello's sound is warmer and more resonant.

Question 3: Listen to the following musical excerpt (imagining it), which features a deep, resonant sound that provides a foundation for the harmony. It is a large, wooden percussion instrument played with a mallet, often used in orchestras to reinforce bass lines.

Answer: The instrument is a timpani (kettle drum).

Question 4: Sketch a simple diagram of a wind instrument that has a long, cylindrical tube, a mouthpiece at one end, and produces sound when air is blown into it. Include key parts like the mouthpiece and the main tube.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a long, straight tube with a mouthpiece at one end and possibly finger holes or valves along the length of the tube, representing an instrument like a flute or clarinet.

Question 5: Identify the instrument described: it has strings that are plucked or bowed, produces a warm and mellow tone, and is commonly used in both orchestras and folk music.

Answer: The instrument is a harp.

Question 6: Explain how the sound of a woodwind instrument differs from that of a brass instrument. Mention aspects such as how sound is produced and typical tone qualities.

Answer: Woodwind instruments produce sound by splitting a column of air with a reed or blowing across an opening, resulting in a softer, more varied tone. Brass instruments produce sound by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece, creating a bright, powerful, and resonant tone.

Question 7: Listen carefully to the description: this percussion instrument is struck with sticks or hands, can be tuned to specific pitches, and is commonly used in orchestras to add rhythmic and melodic accents.

Answer: The instrument is a xylophone.

Question 8: Draw a diagram of an electric keyboard instrument. Label at least three key features such as the keys, speaker, and control panel.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a rectangular shape with keys on top, a speaker grille near the top or sides, and a control panel with buttons or knobs for settings.

Question 9: Identify the instrument: it is a large, wooden, stringed instrument with a deep, mellow sound, often played with a bow, and is a staple in classical and jazz ensembles.

Answer: The instrument is a double bass.

Question 10: Describe the typical sound qualities of a flute compared to a clarinet. Consider tone, range, and playing style.

Answer: A flute produces a bright, clear, and airy tone with a wide pitch range, played by blowing across a hole in the mouthpiece. A clarinet has a darker, warmer tone, with a flexible range, played with a single reed that vibrates against the mouthpiece.