Question 1: Define the term 'repetition' in music and explain how it can be used to create interest in a piece.

Answer: Repetition in music involves repeating a melody, rhythm, or motif. It helps to reinforce an idea, make the music memorable, and create cohesion within a piece.

Question 2: Identify which device is being described: 'A musical phrase that is played, then immediately repeated exactly the same way.'

Answer: Repetition

Question 3: Describe the effect of using a 'call and response' technique in music. Provide an example of where it might be used.

Answer: Call and response involves a leader (call) playing or singing a phrase, which is then answered by a group or another instrument (response). It creates interaction and engagement, often used in folk, jazz, and gospel music.

Question 4: Listen to the following description: 'A melody that gradually increases in pitch over several notes.' Which musical device is this? Explain its effect.

Answer: This describes a 'crescendo' or 'gradual increase' in pitch. It builds excitement and tension in the music.

Question 5: Sketch a simple example of a rhythmic pattern that could be used to create a 'syncopation' effect. Label the stressed beats.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a rhythmic pattern with emphasis on off-beats or weak beats, such as accenting the second and fourth beats in a 4/4 measure, with clear markings indicating the accented notes.

Question 6: Explain what a 'motive' is in music and how it can be used in composition.

Answer: A motive is a short, distinctive musical idea or pattern. Composers use motives as building blocks to develop melodies and themes throughout a piece.

Question 7: Identify the device described: 'A musical idea that gradually gets louder or softer.'

Answer: Dynamic change, such as crescendo (getting louder) or decrescendo (getting softer).

Question 8: Describe how the device of 'contrast' can be used to make a piece more interesting. Give an example scenario.

Answer: Contrast involves changing elements like volume, tempo, or melody to create variety. For example, switching from a loud, fast section to a soft, slow section can surprise and engage the listener.

Question 9: Imagine you are composing a piece for a school concert. How might you use 'layering' of different instruments as a device? Describe your idea.

Answer: Layering involves adding different instruments or voices at different times to build texture. For example, starting with a simple melody played by a piano, then gradually adding strings and percussion to create a fuller sound.

Question 10: Draw a simple musical staff with a melody that uses a repeated rhythmic pattern and indicate the repeated notes.

Answer: A correct answer would show a melody with a short rhythmic motif, repeated in the same pitch or with slight variation, clearly marked on the staff.