Question 1: Describe the difference between a quarter note and a half note in terms of their appearance and duration.

Answer: A quarter note is represented by a filled-in note head with a straight stem and lasts for one beat. A half note has a hollow note head with a straight stem and lasts for two beats.

Question 2: Write the name of the musical symbol used to indicate the end of a piece of music.

Answer: The symbol is called a 'final bar line' or 'end bar line'.

Question 3: Identify the note pitch that is a semitone higher than C on a standard musical staff.

Answer: C sharp (C#).

Question 4: Explain the difference between a major scale and a minor scale in terms of their sound and structure.

Answer: A major scale sounds happy or bright and has a specific pattern of whole and half steps: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. A minor scale sounds sad or somber and has a different pattern, often starting with a lowered third note compared to the major scale.

Question 5: Listen carefully to the following description of a melody: It begins on the note G, moves up by a tone to A, then up a semitone to B flat, then back down to G. Draw a simple staff with these notes marked in sequence.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a staff with five lines, notes placed on G, A, B flat, and G in that order. The notes should be correctly positioned on the staff lines/spaces, with accidentals (flat sign) on B.

Question 6: Identify the time signature that indicates there are four beats in each measure and a quarter note gets one beat.

Answer: 4/4 time signature.

Question 7: Describe what a sharp symbol does to a note when placed before it in sheet music.

Answer: A sharp symbol raises the pitch of the note by a semitone.

Question 8: Listen to a melody that repeats a phrase twice, with the second time starting one octave higher. Describe how the pitch changes between the two repetitions.

Answer: The second repetition is an octave higher, meaning all the notes are shifted up by twelve semitones, making the melody sound higher in pitch.

Question 9: Draw a simple treble clef symbol on a blank staff. [Note: The answer should be a clear, stylized G-shaped symbol that curls around the second line from the bottom.]

Answer: A correctly drawn treble clef begins with a spiral around the second line from the bottom of the staff, forming a stylized 'G' shape, with a line extending downward from the spiral.

Question 10: Explain what a rest symbol indicates in sheet music and give an example of a common rest and its duration.

Answer: A rest symbol indicates a silence or pause in music. For example, a quarter rest signifies a silence lasting one beat.

Question 11: Identify the musical term for gradually getting louder and describe how it is notated in sheet music.

Answer: The term is 'crescendo.' It is notated with the abbreviation 'cresc.' or a hairpin opening to the right, indicating increasing volume.