Question 1: Define a major scale and describe its overall sound and mood.

Answer: A major scale is a sequence of seven notes with a specific pattern of whole and half steps: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. It generally sounds bright, happy, and uplifting.

Question 2: Identify the pattern of intervals in a natural minor scale.

Answer: The pattern of intervals in a natural minor scale is: whole, half, whole, whole, half, whole, whole.

Question 3: List the notes of a C major scale.

Answer: C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C.

Question 4: List the notes of an A natural minor scale.

Answer: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, A.

Question 5: Explain how a harmonic minor scale differs from a natural minor scale.

Answer: A harmonic minor scale differs by raising the seventh note by a half step in the natural minor scale, creating a leading tone that gives it a distinctive sound.

Question 6: Listen carefully to the following description: a scale that starts on D and follows the pattern of whole, half, whole, whole, half, augmented second, half steps. What scale is this?

Answer: D harmonic minor scale.

Question 7: Draw a diagram of a C major scale on a set of musical staff lines, including the key signature.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a scale starting from C on the second space of the treble clef, ascending stepwise through D, E, F, G, A, B, and returning to C, with no sharps or flats in the key signature.

Question 8: Describe the difference between a major scale and a pentatonic scale.

Answer: A major scale has seven notes with a specific pattern of whole and half steps, while a pentatonic scale has five notes, often derived from a major scale by omitting certain intervals, resulting in a simpler, more folk-like sound.

Question 9: Identify the key signature of G major.

Answer: One sharp, which is F#.

Question 10: Explain what is meant by the 'relative minor' of a major key. Use C major as an example.

Answer: The relative minor of a major key is the minor key that shares the same key signature. For C major, the relative minor is A minor, which has no sharps or flats in its key signature.

Question 11: Listen to a melody that primarily uses the notes G, A, B, C, D, E, F#, G. Which scale is this most likely based on?

Answer: G major scale.