Question 1: Define what is meant by the term 'harmony' in music. Include an example of how harmony can be created in a piece.

Answer: Harmony refers to the combination of different musical notes played or sung simultaneously to support the melody. For example, chords played behind a vocal line create harmony.

Question 2: Identify the type of chord being described: A chord consisting of three notes, built from the root, third, and fifth of a scale, played together.

Answer: A triad chord.

Question 3: Listen to a passage where a progression moves from a C major chord to an F major chord, then to a G major chord. What is this type of progression called?

Answer: This is a I–IV–V chord progression in the key of C major.

Question 4: Explain the difference between consonant and dissonant harmony, providing an example of each.

Answer: Consonant harmony sounds stable and pleasant, such as a perfect fifth or major third. Dissonant harmony sounds tense or unstable, such as a diminished seventh or minor second.

Question 5: Describe how a composer might use the harmonic minor scale to create a particular mood in a piece of music.

Answer: The harmonic minor scale, with its raised seventh, can create a sense of tension or drama, often used in minor key compositions to evoke feelings of mystery or intensity.

Question 6: Sketch a simple four-chord progression that uses a common pop harmony pattern in the key of G major.

Answer: A correct sketch would show four chords: G major, E minor, C major, D major arranged in sequence, illustrating the I–vi–IV–V progression.

Question 7: Identify the chord function (tonic, subdominant, or dominant) of the following chords in the key of D major: A major, G major, and B minor.

Answer: A major is the dominant (V), G major is the subdominant (IV), B minor is the tonic (vi).

Question 8: Describe what is meant by 'modulation' in harmony, and give a brief example of how it might be used in a composition.

Answer: Modulation is the process of changing from one key to another within a piece. For example, a piece might shift from C major to G major to create variety or build tension.

Question 9: Listen to a section where the harmony shifts unexpectedly to a minor key. What effect does this harmony change typically have on the mood of the music?

Answer: Shifting to a minor key usually creates a mood that is sad, somber, or tense.

Question 10: Draw a simple chord diagram showing the notes of a C major triad on a standard musical staff. Label each note.

Answer: A correct sketch would show three notes stacked vertically: C (bottom), E (middle), G (top), all aligned on the staff, with labels indicating the note names.