Question 1: Describe the main characteristics of a simple melody. What are some common features you might find in a melody written for a popular song?

Answer: A simple melody typically has a clear and memorable tune, with stepwise movement (conjunct motion), a limited range, and repetition of motifs. It often uses a regular rhythmic pattern and predictable phrasing to make it catchy and easy to remember.

Question 2: Listen carefully and identify the key of the following melody (imagine a melody starting on C and ending on G with a focus on major chords). What is the key signature most likely used?

Answer: The key is most likely C major, characterized by no sharps or flats in the key signature, and the melody predominantly revolves around the notes of the C major scale.

Question 3: Explain the difference between a conjunct and a disjunct melody. Provide an example of each type of movement.

Answer: A conjunct melody moves in small, stepwise intervals, such as moving from C to D or E to F. A disjunct melody involves larger leaps, such as jumping from C to G or E to A. Conjunct melodies sound smooth, while disjunct ones sound more leap-like and angular.

Question 4: Identify three techniques composers use to make a melody more interesting for the listener.

Answer: Techniques include using rhythmic variety, adding ornamentation such as trills or turns, and incorporating leaps or unexpected note choices to create contrast and interest.

Question 5: Listen to a melody that starts with a repeated note pattern, then gradually ascends in pitch. Describe how the melody creates a sense of build-up or tension.

Answer: The repeated note pattern establishes a rhythmic motif, and the gradual ascent in pitch increases tension and anticipation, leading to a climax or resolution. The use of dynamics and articulation can also enhance this effect.

Question 6: Sketch a simple four-bar melody using the C major scale that includes a sequence of stepwise motion and ends on the tonic note. Label the notes you have used.

Answer: A correct sketch would show four notes, for example: C-D-E-F, with the final note being C (the tonic). The melody should feature mostly stepwise movement with no large leaps, creating a smooth line.

Question 7: What is a motif in melody writing? Describe its importance in creating memorable melodies.

Answer: A motif is a short, recurring musical idea or pattern. It is important because it helps unify the melody, making it more recognizable and memorable for the listener.

Question 8: Imagine a melody that jumps from the note G to the note E, then back down to D, and finally resolves on C. Describe whether this melody is conjunct or disjunct and explain why.

Answer: The melody is a combination of disjunct (jumping from G to E) and conjunct (moving stepwise from E to D to C). Overall, it contains both large jumps and smooth movement.

Question 9: Draw a five-note melody that uses a mixture of stepwise motion and a leap, ending on the tonic. Use the notes of the G major scale and label each note.

Answer: A correct sketch would include notes such as G-A-B-D-B-G, with the leap from B to D and the final note G as the tonic. The notes should be clearly labeled, and the melody should demonstrate variety in movement.

Question 10: Explain how the use of rhythm can affect the mood or character of a melody. Provide an example of a rhythmic pattern that might create a lively mood.

Answer: Rhythm influences how energetic, relaxed, or tense a melody feels. A pattern with quick note values, such as sixteenth notes or syncopation, can create a lively, upbeat mood. For example, a rhythmic pattern with a series of short, accented notes on the upbeat can make the melody sound energetic.