Question 1: Explain why it is important to check if a person is responsive before providing first aid.

Answer: Checking if a person is responsive helps determine if they need urgent medical help and ensures it is safe to approach them. It also helps decide the next steps in providing appropriate first aid.

Question 2: Describe the steps you would take to assist someone who is unconscious but breathing.

Answer: Call emergency services immediately, place the person in the recovery position to keep their airway clear, monitor their breathing, and stay with them until help arrives.

Question 3: What are the key things to do if you find someone who is bleeding heavily?

Answer: Apply direct pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or bandage, keep the person calm and still, elevate the injured area if possible, and seek medical help as soon as possible.

Question 4: Identify three signs that indicate a person may be having a seizure.

Answer: Uncontrolled body movements, confusion or loss of consciousness, and a stiffening of the body or jerking movements.

Question 5: Describe the procedure for performing CPR on an adult.

Answer: Call emergency services, place the person on their back on a firm surface, kneel beside them, place the heel of one hand on the centre of their chest, interlock fingers of the other hand on top, press down hard and fast at a rate of about 100-120 compressions per minute, allowing the chest to rise fully between compressions. Continue until help arrives or the person recovers.

Question 6: Sketch a diagram showing the correct placement of hands when performing chest compressions during CPR.

Answer: A correct sketch would show the hands placed on the centre of the chest, with one hand on top of the other, fingers interlaced, and elbows straight.

Question 7: List three things you should do if someone has a suspected broken bone.

Answer: Keep the person calm and still, immobilise the broken limb using a splint or padding, and seek medical help immediately.

Question 8: Explain why it is important to avoid moving someone with a suspected spinal injury.

Answer: Moving someone with a spinal injury could worsen the injury, cause further damage or paralysis. It is safest to keep them still and wait for professional help.

Question 9: Describe how to treat a minor burn.

Answer: Cool the burn with running cool water for at least 10 minutes, cover it with a clean, non-stick dressing or cloth, and avoid applying creams or ointments.

Question 10: What should you do if someone is choking and cannot breathe?

Answer: Encourage them to cough if possible, then perform the Heimlich manoeuvre (abdominal thrusts) to expel the object. Call emergency services if the person becomes unresponsive or cannot breathe at all.