Question 1: Explain two ways in which reducing waste can help protect the environment.

Answer: Reducing waste decreases the amount of rubbish sent to landfills, which reduces methane emissions and pollution. It also conserves natural resources by decreasing the need for raw material extraction.

Question 2: Describe what is meant by the term 'carbon footprint' and give one example of how a person can reduce theirs.

Answer: A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, that are emitted directly or indirectly by an individual or organization. Example: Using public transport instead of driving a car.

Question 3: List three ways that schools can promote environmental responsibility among students.

Answer: Organizing recycling campaigns, encouraging energy-saving practices like turning off lights, and planting trees or creating a school garden.

Question 4: Identify and explain two advantages of recycling materials such as paper, plastic, and metal.

Answer: Recycling saves natural resources and reduces the need for raw material extraction. It also decreases energy consumption and reduces pollution from manufacturing processes.

Question 5: Describe a scenario where someone might be unaware of the environmental impact of their actions and suggest a way to raise their awareness.

Answer: A person might throw away plastic bottles without recycling, not realizing it contributes to pollution. To raise awareness, educational campaigns or posters explaining the environmental effects of plastic waste can be effective.

Question 6: Sketch a simple design for a reusable shopping bag. The design should be functional and environmentally friendly.

Answer: A large, durable bag made from eco-friendly fabric, with sturdy handles and a simple, attractive pattern or logo promoting sustainability. The sketch should show the bag's shape, handles, and design features.

Question 7: Explain why conserving water is important for environmental sustainability.

Answer: Conserving water helps prevent the depletion of freshwater sources, reduces energy used in water treatment and distribution, and protects ecosystems that depend on healthy water levels.

Question 8: Discuss the potential effects on the local environment if pollution from factories is not controlled.

Answer: Uncontrolled factory pollution can lead to air and water contamination, harming wildlife and plants. It may also cause health problems for local communities and degrade natural habitats.

Question 9: Suggest three actions individuals can take to reduce their energy consumption at home.

Answer: Turning off lights when not in use, unplugging devices that are not being used, and using energy-efficient appliances.

Question 10: Reflect on why it is important for everyone to take responsibility for protecting the environment. Write your thoughts in a short paragraph.

Answer: Protecting the environment is essential for maintaining healthy ecosystems and ensuring resources are available for future generations. Everyone's actions, no matter how small, contribute to overall environmental health, and collective responsibility can lead to positive change.