Question 1: Define the term 'crime control' in the context of sociology.

Answer: Crime control refers to strategies and measures implemented by society or authorities to reduce, prevent, and manage crime, ensuring public safety and order.

Question 2: Describe two methods used by the police to control crime.

Answer: One method is patrol policing, where officers regularly patrol neighborhoods to deter crime. Another method is surveillance, such as CCTV cameras, to monitor public areas and catch offenders.

Question 3: Explain the concept of 'deterrence' in crime control.

Answer: Deterrence is a strategy that aims to discourage people from committing crimes by making the consequences seem severe or unavoidable.

Question 4: Identify and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of using harsher punishments as a crime control method.

Answer: An advantage is that harsher punishments may deter potential offenders, reducing crime rates. A disadvantage is that they can lead to overcrowded prisons and may not address the root causes of crime.

Question 5: Describe the role of community patrols or neighborhood watch schemes in controlling crime.

Answer: Community patrols involve local residents working together to monitor their area, report suspicious activities, and deter crime through increased local presence.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram illustrating the concept of 'zero-tolerance' policing. Label the key elements.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a police officer or patrol car actively monitoring a street with signs indicating strict enforcement of minor offenses, emphasizing that any violation results in immediate action.

Question 7: Discuss one criticism of relying heavily on police and surveillance for crime control.

Answer: One criticism is that it may lead to an invasion of privacy and civil liberties, and can disproportionately target minority or disadvantaged groups.

Question 8: Explain how social policies, such as education or employment programs, can contribute to crime control.

Answer: Social policies like education and employment programs address underlying social issues by providing opportunities and reducing factors that may lead individuals to commit crimes.

Question 9: Evaluate the effectiveness of the 'Scared Straight' program as a crime prevention strategy.

Answer: The 'Scared Straight' program aims to deter at-risk youth by exposing them to the consequences of crime through confrontational interactions with offenders. Its effectiveness is debated, with some studies suggesting it may increase delinquency rather than prevent it.