Question 1: Define the term 'ethnic minority' and explain why some groups might be classified as such in the UK.

Answer: An ethnic minority is a group of people within a society who share a common ethnicity that is different from the majority population. In the UK, groups are classified as ethnic minorities if they are numerically smaller and often face different social, economic, or cultural experiences.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which ethnic inequality can manifest in employment opportunities.

Answer: Ethnic inequality can manifest as higher rates of unemployment among certain ethnic groups and lower average wages for minority workers compared to the majority group.

Question 3: List three factors that may contribute to ethnic inequality in education.

Answer: Factors include language barriers, socioeconomic background, and experiences of discrimination or bias within schools.

Question 4: Explain what is meant by 'systemic racism' and give an example related to ethnic inequality.

Answer: Systemic racism refers to policies and practices embedded within institutions that disadvantage certain ethnic groups. An example is unequal access to quality healthcare based on ethnicity.

Question 5: Suggest two ways the government could reduce ethnic inequalities in society.

Answer: The government could implement anti-discrimination laws and promote equal access to education and employment opportunities for all ethnic groups.

Question 6: Describe a scenario where ethnic stereotyping might occur in everyday life.

Answer: An example is a person assuming someone from a particular ethnic group is less qualified for a job based solely on stereotypes rather than their actual abilities.

Question 7: Draw a simple diagram to illustrate the concept of social stratification and where ethnic groups might be positioned within it.

Answer: A layered pyramid or ladder with different social classes. Ethnic minorities may be shown occupying lower tiers, indicating lower social status or access to resources.

Question 8: Identify and explain one way family life can influence ethnic inequalities.

Answer: Family support and cultural values can influence educational attainment and career choices, either helping to reduce or reinforce inequalities depending on the context.

Question 9: Discuss how media representation of ethnic groups can impact societal attitudes and inequalities.

Answer: Media portrayal can reinforce stereotypes, influencing public perceptions and potentially leading to discrimination or bias against certain ethnic groups, which reinforces social inequalities.

Question 10: Reflect on a time when you noticed or experienced ethnic inequality. Briefly describe the situation and how it made you feel.

Answer: This is a personal reflection. Students should describe a situation such as witnessing discrimination or bias and share their feelings of unfairness or concern.