Question 1: Define the term 'demography' and explain its importance in studying families.

Answer: Demography is the statistical study of populations, including data on birth rates, death rates, ageing, and family structures. It is important because it helps us understand how populations change over time and how these changes affect families and society.

Question 2: Identify two reasons why the UK’s population has increased in recent decades.

Answer: Reasons include increased life expectancy and higher immigration levels, which contribute to population growth.

Question 3: Describe the typical family structure in the UK today and compare it to 50 years ago.

Answer: Today, the typical family may be a nuclear family with two parents and children, or a single-parent family. 50 years ago, extended families living together were more common, and there were fewer single-parent families.

Question 4: Explain what is meant by the term 'ageing population' and discuss one potential impact on society.

Answer: An ageing population refers to a higher proportion of older people within the population. This can lead to increased demand for healthcare and social care services, and potential challenges for the workforce.

Question 5: List three demographic factors that influence family life in the UK.

Answer: Factors include birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns.

Question 6: Sketch a simple bar graph showing the percentage of different family types (nuclear, single-parent, extended) in the UK today. Label each bar.

Answer: A bar graph with three vertical bars: one representing nuclear families (largest), one for single-parent families (smaller), and one for extended families (smallest). Each bar should be labeled accordingly.

Question 7: Describe two ways in which demographic changes can affect the types of services provided by the government.

Answer: An ageing population increases demand for healthcare and social care services. Higher birth rates may lead to more schools and child-related services.

Question 8: What is meant by the term 'fertility rate'? How does it impact family structures?

Answer: Fertility rate is the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime. Higher fertility rates can lead to larger families and influence household size and family roles.

Question 9: Identify and explain one trend in family demography that has occurred in the UK in the last 20 years.

Answer: One trend is the increase in cohabitation, with more couples choosing to live together without marrying, reflecting changing attitudes towards family life.

Question 10: Draw a diagram to illustrate the concept of population pyramid and label the different sections (e.g., young, working-age, elderly).

Answer: A population pyramid with a broad base representing a high number of young people, a narrower middle for working-age adults, and a smaller top for elderly individuals. Labels should indicate these age groups.