Question 1: Define the term 'nuclear family' and explain how it differs from an extended family.

Answer: A nuclear family consists of two parents and their children living together in one household, whereas an extended family includes relatives such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles, often living nearby or in the same household.

Question 2: Identify two social factors that have contributed to the decline of the traditional extended family in the UK.

Answer: Factors include increased urbanization leading to geographical mobility, and greater employment opportunities which often require families to relocate.

Question 3: Describe one way in which family roles have changed over the past 50 years in the UK.

Answer: One change is the increased participation of women in the workforce, leading to more egalitarian family roles and shared responsibilities.

Question 4: Explain the term 'family diversity' and give two examples of different family types that illustrate this diversity.

Answer: Family diversity refers to the variety of family structures and arrangements in society. Examples include single-parent families and same-sex couple families.

Question 5: Discuss how changing attitudes towards marriage and cohabitation have affected family patterns in the UK.

Answer: Changing attitudes have led to fewer people getting married and more choosing to cohabit, resulting in diverse living arrangements and a decline in traditional marriage rates.

Question 6: Sketch a diagram to show the different types of family structures commonly found in the UK today.

Answer: A diagram should include examples such as nuclear families, single-parent families, cohabiting couples, same-sex families, and multigenerational households, clearly labeled.

Question 7: Identify and explain two reasons why the average age of parents having their first child has increased in the UK.

Answer: Reasons include increased participation of women in higher education and careers, leading to delayed childbirth, and greater access to contraception allowing for planned family formation at later ages.

Question 8: Using examples, explain what is meant by 'family decline' and discuss whether this is a negative or positive trend.

Answer: 'Family decline' refers to the reduction in traditional family forms and functions, such as marriage and stable cohabitation. Whether it is positive or negative depends on the context; some argue it leads to less social stability, while others see it as greater individual freedom.