Question 1: Define the term 'social stratification'. How does it relate to social class?

Answer: Social stratification is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups in society based on factors such as wealth, occupation, and status. It creates different social classes, with some groups having more resources and privileges than others.

Question 2: Describe three characteristics typically associated with the upper class in the UK.

Answer: Characteristics of the upper class include high levels of wealth and income, ownership of significant property or assets, influential social connections, and access to exclusive education and leisure activities.

Question 3: Explain the difference between 'social mobility' and 'social status'.

Answer: 'Social mobility' refers to the ability of individuals or groups to move between social classes, either upward or downward. 'Social status' is the prestige or social standing associated with a person's position in society.

Question 4: Identify two factors that can contribute to someone remaining in the same social class throughout their life.

Answer: Factors include family background and inherited wealth, and access to quality education and social networks.

Question 5: Describe the concept of 'meritocracy' and discuss whether it accurately reflects social mobility in the UK.

Answer: Meritocracy is the idea that individuals can achieve success based on their talent and effort. While it suggests equal opportunities, in reality, social mobility in the UK is often limited by factors such as family background and social inequalities, making meritocracy an ideal rather than a complete reality.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram illustrating the social class structure in the UK, including at least three classes. Label each class and indicate the typical characteristics or income levels associated with each.

Answer: A diagram should depict a pyramid or layered structure with the upper class at the top, the middle class in the middle, and the working/lower class at the bottom. Labels should include typical characteristics such as income levels, occupation types, and access to resources for each class.

Question 7: Discuss how the media can influence perceptions of different social classes in the UK.

Answer: The media can shape perceptions by portraying certain classes positively or negatively, reinforcing stereotypes, and influencing public attitudes about wealth, behavior, and social roles associated with each class.

Question 8: Provide two examples of how social class can impact educational opportunities for young people in the UK.

Answer: Examples include access to private schooling versus state schools, and the availability of resources like tutoring or extracurricular activities, which can affect academic achievement and future career prospects.

Question 9: Imagine you are asked to design a social survey to investigate social class differences in your local community. Outline three key questions you would include and explain why.

Answer: Questions might include: 'What is your highest level of education?', to assess educational attainment; 'What is your approximate household income?', to gauge economic status; and 'What type of employment do you or your family members have?', to understand occupational class. These questions help explore the relationship between social class and various life aspects.