Question 1: Define the term 'social distribution of crime'.

Answer: The way in which crime is spread across different social groups, such as classes, genders, or ethnicities.

Question 2: Identify two social factors that can influence the likelihood of someone committing or being involved in crime.

Answer: Possible factors include social class and ethnicity.

Question 3: Explain why some sociologists believe that crime rates are higher in certain social classes.

Answer: Sociologists argue that individuals in lower social classes may experience more economic hardship and limited opportunities, which can lead to higher involvement in crime.

Question 4: Describe how gender may influence the types of crime committed or the likelihood of being a victim.

Answer: Men are more likely to commit violent crimes, while women are more often victims of certain crimes like domestic abuse. Gender roles and expectations shape these patterns.

Question 5: Discuss how ethnicity can impact the likelihood of being involved in crime, according to sociological theories.

Answer: Sociologists suggest that ethnic minorities may face discrimination, marginalisation, and economic disadvantage, which can increase involvement in or victimisation by crime.

Question 6: Identify and briefly explain one method sociologists use to study the social distribution of crime.

Answer: Sociologists often use official crime statistics collected by police to analyze patterns and differences in crime rates across social groups.

Question 7: Describe a scenario that illustrates how social deprivation might lead to higher crime rates in a community.

Answer: In a deprived neighbourhood with limited resources and high unemployment, residents may resort to crime as a means of survival or economic gain.

Question 8: Sketch a simple bar graph showing the possible differences in arrest rates for different social classes. Label the axes clearly.

Answer: A bar graph with the x-axis labeled 'Social Class (Lower, Middle, Upper)' and the y-axis labeled 'Arrest Rates'. Bars should show higher rates for lower class and lower for upper class.

Question 9: Draw a diagram to illustrate how social factors such as poverty and peer influence might contribute to criminal behaviour. Use arrows to show relationships.

Answer: A diagram with boxes labeled 'Poverty', 'Peer Influence', and 'Crime', with arrows pointing from 'Poverty' and 'Peer Influence' towards 'Crime'.

Question 10: Reflect on why understanding the social distribution of crime is important for developing effective crime prevention strategies.

Answer: It helps identify which groups are most affected or involved in crime, allowing for targeted interventions and policies to reduce crime and address social inequalities.