Question 1: Define what is meant by 'quantitative data' in sociological research. Provide one example of a method used to collect this type of data.

Answer: Quantitative data refers to numerical information that can be measured and analysed statistically. An example method is conducting a structured survey with closed-ended questions.

Question 2: Define what is meant by 'qualitative data' in sociological research. Provide one example of a method used to collect this type of data.

Answer: Qualitative data involves descriptive, non-numerical information that provides in-depth insights. An example method is conducting in-depth interviews or participant observations.

Question 3: List two advantages of using quantitative research methods in sociology.

Answer: Advantages include the ability to collect data from large numbers of people quickly and the ease of analysing data statistically to identify patterns.

Question 4: List two advantages of using qualitative research methods in sociology.

Answer: Advantages include gaining detailed insights into people's perspectives and understanding the context behind behaviours.

Question 5: Describe a scenario where a sociologist might prefer to use a quantitative method over a qualitative method.

Answer: A sociologist studying the prevalence of internet usage among teenagers might prefer a survey with closed questions to gather data from many students efficiently.

Question 6: Describe a scenario where a sociologist might prefer to use a qualitative method over a quantitative method.

Answer: A sociologist exploring teenagers' attitudes towards social media might choose in-depth interviews to understand their feelings and experiences.

Question 7: Explain one limitation of using only quantitative methods in sociological research.

Answer: Quantitative methods can oversimplify complex human behaviours and may miss the reasons behind people's actions.

Question 8: Explain one limitation of using only qualitative methods in sociological research.

Answer: Qualitative methods often involve smaller sample sizes, making it difficult to generalise findings to larger populations.

Question 9: Draw a simple diagram to show how data might flow in a typical quantitative research process. Include at least three stages such as data collection, analysis, and conclusion.

Answer: A flowchart with arrows showing: Data Collection (e.g., survey) → Data Analysis (statistical methods) → Findings/Conclusions.

Question 10: Sketch a diagram illustrating how qualitative data might be collected and analysed. Indicate key steps like interview, transcription, and thematic analysis.

Answer: A diagram with steps: Conduct Interviews → Transcribe recordings → Identify themes in responses → Interpret findings.