Question 1: Define what a survey is in the context of sociological research.

Answer: A survey is a research method that involves collecting data from a group of people by asking questions, often through questionnaires or interviews.

Question 2: List two advantages of using surveys to gather sociological data.

Answer: 1. Surveys can collect data from a large number of people quickly and efficiently. 2. They allow for standardised questions, making it easier to compare responses.

Question 3: Identify and explain two potential problems or limitations of surveys in sociological research.

Answer: 1. Response bias: Participants may give inaccurate or socially desirable answers. 2. Limited depth: Surveys may not capture detailed or complex feelings and opinions.

Question 4: Describe the difference between open and closed questions in a survey.

Answer: Closed questions offer limited options for answers (e.g., yes/no, multiple-choice), while open questions allow respondents to answer in their own words, providing more detailed responses.

Question 5: Explain why sampling is important in conducting a survey.

Answer: Sampling is important because it allows researchers to select a manageable and representative group of people from the population, making the results more generalisable.

Question 6: Imagine you are designing a survey about students’ attitudes towards school uniform. Write three example questions you might include.

Answer: 1. Do you think school uniforms are comfortable? (Yes/No) 2. How strongly do you agree with the statement: 'School uniforms improve discipline'? (Strongly agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly disagree) 3. What is your overall opinion of school uniforms? (Open-ended response)

Question 7: Draw a simple layout of a questionnaire with space for five questions. Label the sections clearly.

Answer: A clear layout with numbered questions, space for respondents to tick or write answers, and clear instructions at the top. The questions should be listed vertically with enough spacing.

Question 8: Explain why it is important to pilot a survey before distributing it widely.

Answer: Piloting helps identify confusing questions, technical issues, or problems with the survey design, ensuring more accurate and reliable data when it is widely distributed.

Question 9: What ethical considerations should researchers keep in mind when conducting surveys with students?

Answer: Researchers should ensure confidentiality and anonymity, obtain consent, avoid asking sensitive or intrusive questions, and inform participants they can withdraw at any time.

Question 10: Sketch a flowchart showing the steps involved in conducting a survey from planning to analysis.

Answer: A flowchart should include steps such as: 1. Define research aim, 2. Design questionnaire, 3. Pilot test, 4. Distribute survey, 5. Collect responses, 6. Analyse data, 7. Report findings.