Question 1: Describe the main characteristics of natural fabrics such as cotton and wool. Include details about their texture, breathability, and typical uses.

Answer: Natural fabrics like cotton are soft, breathable, and comfortable, often used in clothing and bedding. Wool is warm, insulating, and slightly coarse, commonly used in winter clothing and outerwear.

Question 2: Identify three synthetic fabrics and discuss one advantage and one disadvantage of each.

Answer: Polyester: Advantage - durable; Disadvantage - not breathable. Nylon: Advantage - strong and elastic; Disadvantage - can be prone to static. Acrylic: Advantage - lightweight and warm; Disadvantage - prone to pilling.

Question 3: Explain the difference between woven and knitted fabrics in terms of their structure and typical applications.

Answer: Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles, resulting in a stable and durable fabric used in shirts and trousers. Knitted fabrics are made by interlocking loops of yarn, making them more elastic and suitable for T-shirts and sportswear.

Question 4: List four factors that influence the choice of fabric for a specific clothing item.

Answer: Durability, breathability, comfort, and appearance.

Question 5: Draw a simple sketch of a fabric that is suitable for making a summer dress. Label the fabric type and explain why it is appropriate.

Answer: A light, airy fabric such as cotton or linen, characterized by a loose weave, ideal for summer dresses because it allows air circulation and keeps the wearer cool.

Question 6: Compare the properties and typical uses of silk and polyester fabrics.

Answer: Silk is a natural, smooth, luxurious fabric with good drape, used in high-end clothing and evening wear. Polyester is a synthetic, durable, and easy-care fabric often used in everyday clothing, sportswear, and home textiles.

Question 7: Describe what a non-woven fabric is and give two examples of its applications.

Answer: Non-woven fabrics are made from fibres bonded together by chemical, mechanical, or heat processes, rather than being woven or knitted. Examples include disposable wipes and medical masks.

Question 8: Identify a fabric suitable for making outdoor waterproof clothing and justify your choice.

Answer: Gore-Tex or similar waterproof breathable fabrics are suitable because they prevent water penetration while allowing moisture vapour to escape, keeping the wearer dry and comfortable.

Question 9: List and briefly explain three treatments or finishes that can be applied to fabrics to enhance their performance or appearance.

Answer: Waterproof coating - prevents water absorption; Flame retardant treatment - reduces fire risk; Anti-wrinkle finish - maintains a smooth appearance and reduces ironing.

Question 10: Explain the term 'fabric weight' and how it influences the choice of fabric for different projects.

Answer: Fabric weight refers to the mass of fabric per unit area, typically grams per square metre (gsm). Heavier fabrics are suitable for outerwear and upholstery, while lighter fabrics are ideal for blouses, dresses, and linings.