Question 1: Define global warming and explain how it affects biodiversity.

Answer: Global warming is the increase in Earth's average surface temperature caused mainly by greenhouse gas emissions, which disrupts habitats and leads to loss of biodiversity.

Question 1: Describe the greenhouse effect and list three greenhouse gases involved in global warming.

Answer: The greenhouse effect is the process where greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, maintaining temperature. Three gases are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Question 2: Explain why increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contribute to global warming.

Answer: Higher CO2 levels enhance the greenhouse effect by trapping more heat, leading to a rise in Earth's temperature.

Question 1: Calculate the increase in Earth's average temperature if the concentration of CO2 rises from 400 ppm to 450 ppm, assuming a direct proportional relationship where a 100 ppm increase results in a 0.5°C temperature rise. Show your working.

Answer: Increase in ppm = 450 - 400 = 50 ppm Temperature increase = (50 ppm / 100 ppm) × 0.5°C = 0.25°C

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to investigate the effect of increased atmospheric CO2 on plant growth. Include variables and safety precautions.

Answer: Set up two identical plant pots with the same soil and plant the same species. Expose one to increased CO2 levels using a controlled CO2 source, while the other remains in normal conditions. Variables include CO2 concentration (independent), plant growth rate (dependent), and soil type (control). Safety precautions include handling CO2 sources carefully to prevent asphyxiation and ensuring proper ventilation.

Question 1: A study shows that a 2°C increase in global temperature correlates with a 15% decrease in amphibian populations in a specific region. Explain how global warming can lead to declines in biodiversity using this data.

Answer: Global warming causes habitat loss, altered breeding patterns, and increased disease, leading to declines in species like amphibians, as indicated by the 15% population decrease with a 2°C rise.

Question 1: Suggest two ways industries can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to help combat global warming.

Answer: Industries can reduce emissions by adopting renewable energy sources and implementing energy-efficient technologies.

Question 2: Identify one daily life change individuals can make to reduce their carbon footprint related to global warming.

Answer: Using public transportation, cycling, or walking instead of driving reduces individual carbon footprints.

Question 1: Discuss the potential long-term impacts of unchecked global warming on global biodiversity and ecosystems. Include at least three points in your explanation.

Answer: Unchecked global warming may lead to widespread habitat loss, causing extinction of many species. It can alter ecosystems, disrupt food chains, and reduce biodiversity. Additionally, increased climate variability can make ecosystems less resilient and threaten human livelihoods dependent on healthy ecosystems.