Question 1: Define global warming in your own words.

Answer: Global warming is the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Question 2: List at least three greenhouse gases responsible for global warming.

Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O).

Question 3: Explain how increased levels of greenhouse gases lead to a rise in Earth's temperature.

Answer: Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere by absorbing infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface. When their levels increase, more heat is retained, leading to a rise in global temperatures.

Question 4: Which human activities contribute most to the increase of greenhouse gases? (Select all that apply)

Answer: ["Deforestation","Burning fossil fuels","Industrial farming"]

Question 5: Fill in the blank: The process by which excess greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere is called ________.

Answer: the greenhouse effect

Question 6: Describe one way in which global warming can impact biodiversity.

Answer: Global warming can lead to habitat loss, causing some species to migrate, adapt, or face extinction, which reduces biodiversity.

Question 7: Calculate the increase in temperature if the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere rises from 350 ppm to 410 ppm, assuming each 100 ppm increase correlates with a 0.5°C rise in temperature. Show your working.

Answer: Increase in ppm = 410 - 350 = 60 ppm (60 ppm / 100 ppm) * 0.5°C = 0.3°C Therefore, the temperature is expected to increase by approximately 0.3°C.

Question 8: Propose one practical action individuals can take to reduce their carbon footprint and help mitigate global warming.

Answer: Individuals can reduce their carbon footprint by using energy-efficient appliances, reducing car travel by walking or biking, and supporting renewable energy sources.

Question 9: Identify and explain one potential consequence of melting polar ice caps due to global warming.

Answer: Melting polar ice caps can cause sea levels to rise, leading to flooding of coastal habitats and threatening species and human settlements.

Question 10: Describe a scientific experiment to test the effect of increased greenhouse gases on plant growth. Include variables and safety precautions (theory only).

Answer: An experiment could involve growing identical plants in controlled environments with different levels of greenhouse gases like CO2. The independent variable is the level of CO2; the dependent variable is plant growth. Control variables include light, water, and temperature. Safety precautions involve handling gases in well-ventilated areas and using proper equipment to avoid leaks or overexposure.