Question 1: Define biological waste and give two examples.

Answer: Biological waste is organic waste produced by living organisms, such as food scraps and plant materials.

Question 2: Explain the role of decomposers in waste management.

Answer: Decomposers break down organic waste into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Question 1: If a compost pile contains 50 kg of organic waste and decomposes at a rate of 5 kg per week, how many weeks will it take to decompose all the waste? (Use the formula: Time = Total Waste / Decomposition Rate)

Answer: 10 weeks

Question 2: A recycling plant processes 2000 kg of plastic waste daily. If the efficiency of recycling is 85%, how much plastic waste is effectively recycled each day? (Use the formula: Recycled Waste = Total Waste × Efficiency)

Answer: 1700 kg

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to compare the rate of decomposition of organic waste in aerobic versus anaerobic conditions.

Answer: Students set up two compost containers, one exposed to oxygen (aerobic) and one sealed without oxygen (anaerobic). They measure the weight loss or gas production over time to compare decomposition rates, ensuring safety precautions like wearing gloves and working in well-ventilated areas.

Question 2: Identify three variables that should be controlled in an experiment testing the effectiveness of a new waste recycling method.

Answer: Type of waste, amount of waste, and duration of the experiment.

Question 1: A landfill receives 10,000 kg of waste daily. If 60% of the waste is biodegradable, how much biodegradable waste is added to the landfill each day?

Answer: 6000 kg

Question 2: In a waste treatment plant, 1500 kg of waste undergoes composting, and 90% of it is converted into compost. How much compost is produced?

Answer: 1350 kg

Question 1: Explain how recycling contributes to reducing environmental pollution and conserving natural resources.

Answer: Recycling reduces pollution by decreasing the need for waste disposal in landfills and incinerators. It conserves natural resources by reusing materials like aluminum, paper, and plastics, thereby reducing the extraction of raw materials and energy consumption.

Question 2: A city plans to improve its waste management system by increasing recycling rates. Suggest two technological innovations or strategies that could help achieve this goal.

Answer: Implementing automated sorting facilities and developing mobile recycling apps to educate and engage residents.