Question 1: Define an enzyme and explain its role in speeding up chemical reactions within automotive manufacturing processes.

Answer: An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy, similar to how catalysts are used in automotive engines to improve efficiency.

Question 2: Describe how enzymes function specifically in the breakdown of hydrocarbons during fuel combustion in car engines.

Answer: Enzymes such as amylases or lipases are not directly involved in combustion, but in microbial fuel treatments, they help break down hydrocarbons into simpler molecules, aiding in cleaner emissions.

Question 3: What is the mechanism by which enzymes catalyze reactions, and how is this similar to catalytic converters in cars?

Answer: Enzymes lower activation energy by stabilizing transition states. Similarly, catalytic converters lower the energy needed for reactions to convert harmful gases into less pollutants.

Question 1: The activity of an enzyme used in cleaning automotive oil spills is measured as 150 units per mL at 37°C. If the enzyme activity doubles when the temperature increases to 50°C, what is the new enzyme activity?

Answer: 300 units/mL

Question 2: Calculate the rate of enzyme activity decrease if the activity drops from 200 units to 150 units over 10 minutes. Provide the rate in units per minute.

Answer: 5 units per minute

Question 1: Identify three variables that could affect the efficiency of enzymes used in automotive waste treatment.

Answer: Temperature, pH level, and concentration of substrates or inhibitors.

Question 2: List two safety precautions that should be taken when handling enzymes in an industrial automotive setting.

Answer: Wearing gloves and eye protection to prevent skin and eye contact; ensuring proper ventilation to avoid inhaling enzyme aerosols.

Question 1: A study shows that adding a specific enzyme increases the breakdown rate of sulfur compounds in fuel from 0.5 grams per hour to 2.0 grams per hour. Calculate the percentage increase in the breakdown rate.

Answer: 300% increase

Question 2: Based on the data, what can you infer about the effectiveness of the enzyme in reducing sulfur emissions from automotive fuels?

Answer: The enzyme significantly enhances the breakdown of sulfur compounds, indicating it is highly effective in reducing sulfur emissions, which can lead to cleaner exhaust gases and compliance with environmental standards.

Question 1: Explain how enzymes could be utilized to improve the efficiency and environmental impact of automotive manufacturing processes. Include examples of specific enzymes and their functions.

Answer: Enzymes can be used to catalyze specific chemical reactions during automotive manufacturing, such as breaking down complex hydrocarbons into simpler, less polluting compounds. For example, lipases can help degrade fats and oils, reducing waste. Proteases may assist in cleaning and material processing. Utilizing enzymes reduces energy consumption and harmful emissions, making the industry more sustainable.