Question 1: Define Gonorrhea and identify the type of pathogen that causes it.

Answer: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Question 2: Explain how Gonorrhea is transmitted from person to person.

Answer: It is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person, including vaginal, oral, or anal sex.

Question 3: Describe the primary symptoms of Gonorrhea in males and females.

Answer: In males: painful urination and discharge; in females: pain during urination, increased vaginal discharge, or no symptoms.

Question 4: What type of immune response is triggered when the body detects Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Answer: The immune system activates both innate and adaptive responses, including inflammation and production of antibodies.

Question 1: If a population of 1000 individuals has a Gonorrhea infection rate of 15%, how many people are infected?

Answer: 150

Question 2: Calculate the percentage increase in Gonorrhea cases if the number of infected individuals rises from 200 to 300 in a year.

Answer: 50%

Question 1: Describe a safe laboratory procedure to identify Neisseria gonorrhoeae from a clinical sample.

Answer: A safe procedure involves collecting a sample using sterile swabs, inoculating a selective growth medium such as Thayer-Martin agar, incubating at 35-37°C in a CO2-rich environment, and using biochemical tests or microscopy to confirm the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, while following safety protocols to prevent contamination or infection.

Question 2: Identify three variables that should be controlled during an experiment testing the effectiveness of a new antibiotic against Gonorrhea bacteria.

Answer: Variables include the concentration of the antibiotic, incubation temperature, and duration of exposure.

Question 1: In a study of 500 individuals, 60% of those infected with Gonorrhea reported no symptoms. What does this suggest about the importance of screening and testing?

Answer: It suggests that many infected individuals may be asymptomatic, highlighting the importance of regular screening and testing to identify and treat cases that might otherwise go unnoticed, thereby reducing transmission.

Question 1: Explain how antibiotic resistance can develop in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and discuss its implications for public health.

Answer: Antibiotic resistance develops when bacteria undergo genetic mutations or acquire resistance genes, often due to overuse or misuse of antibiotics. In Neisseria gonorrhoeae, resistance can lead to antibiotics becoming ineffective, making infections harder to treat, increasing the risk of complications, and posing a significant challenge to public health efforts to control the disease.

Question 1: Discuss how the development of rapid diagnostic tests for Gonorrhea can benefit public health efforts.

Answer: Rapid diagnostic tests allow for quick identification of infections, enabling timely treatment, reducing transmission rates, and helping to control outbreaks more effectively.