Question 1: Explain in your own words what drug discovery involves and why it is important for immunity.

Answer: Drug discovery involves identifying and developing new medicines to treat diseases. It is important for immunity because effective drugs can help enhance the immune response or eliminate pathogens, thereby preventing or curing infections.

Question 1: Define the term 'antibiotic' and describe how it helps in fighting bacterial infections.

Answer: An antibiotic is a substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. It helps in fighting bacterial infections by targeting specific bacterial structures or functions, preventing the bacteria from reproducing.

Question 2: Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes how antiviral drugs work?

Answer:

Question 1: Design a simple experiment to test the effectiveness of a new drug against bacteria. Identify the independent variable, dependent variable, and control variables.

Answer: The experiment involves applying the drug to bacterial cultures and measuring bacterial growth. The independent variable is the presence or concentration of the drug. The dependent variable is the bacterial growth (e.g., colony count). Control variables include temperature, nutrient medium, and incubation time. A control group without the drug should also be included to compare effects.

Question 2: List two safety precautions that should be taken when conducting experiments involving drugs and bacteria.

Answer: Wearing protective gloves and eye protection to prevent contact with harmful substances; working in a sterile environment to avoid contamination.

Question 1: A new drug was tested against bacteria. In the control group, bacterial colonies averaged 150 colonies. In the treated group, bacterial colonies averaged 30 colonies. What does this data suggest about the drug's effectiveness?

Answer: The data suggests that the drug is effective in reducing bacterial growth, as the number of colonies significantly decreased in the treated group compared to the control.

Question 1: Calculate the percentage reduction in bacterial colonies due to the drug. Use the formula: Percentage reduction = ((Control - Treated) / Control) x 100 Given: Control = 150 colonies, Treated = 30 colonies.

Answer: Percentage reduction = ((150 - 30) / 150) x 100 = (120 / 150) x 100 = 0.8 x 100 = 80%

Question 1: Explain how the process of drug discovery impacts the development of vaccines and medicines in the pharmaceutical industry.

Answer: Drug discovery allows scientists to identify new compounds and mechanisms to combat diseases. This process leads to the development of effective vaccines and medicines, improving health outcomes globally. It involves testing, safety evaluations, and clinical trials to ensure drugs are safe and effective for public use.

Question 2: Describe one way in which advances in drug discovery technology can benefit everyday life.

Answer: Advances in drug discovery technology can lead to faster development of new medicines, more personalized treatments, and better management of diseases, ultimately improving quality of life.

Question 1: In your opinion, why is it important to continue research in drug discovery related to immunity?

Answer: Continuing research is important because it can lead to new and improved medicines that better fight infections, reduce side effects, and help manage diseases more effectively, ultimately saving lives.