Question 1: Define the term 'brainstem' and describe its primary role in the nervous system.

Answer: The brainstem is the part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord and controls basic life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure.

Question 2: Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing sensory information and coordinating movement?

Answer: Cerebellum

Question 3: Fill in the blank: The __________ is the largest part of the brain and is associated with higher functions such as reasoning, planning, and voluntary movement.

Answer: cerebrum

Question 4: Explain how the structure of the hippocampus contributes to memory formation.

Answer: The hippocampus is a critical part of the brain involved in converting short-term memories into long-term memories. Its structure allows it to process and organize information efficiently, facilitating learning and memory storage.

Question 5: Calculate the total volume of cerebrospinal fluid produced in a day if the daily production rate is approximately 500 mL. Express your answer in liters.

Answer: 0.5 liters

Question 6: Identify two safety precautions to consider when studying brain tissue in a laboratory setting.

Answer: Wearing gloves and eye protection to prevent contamination and exposure to hazardous chemicals or biological samples.

Question 7: Describe a scenario where damage to the cerebellum could affect a person's daily activities.

Answer: Damage to the cerebellum could impair coordination and balance, leading to difficulty walking, maintaining posture, or performing tasks that require fine motor skills such as writing or buttoning a shirt.

Question 8: Which part of the brain regulates temperature, hunger, and thirst?

Answer: Hypothalamus

Question 9: Explain how the structure of the medulla oblongata helps it perform its functions.

Answer: The medulla oblongata has a highly vascularized and flexible structure that allows it to regulate vital autonomic functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure, ensuring these processes operate smoothly without conscious effort.

Question 10: Identify which brain structure is most directly involved in processing emotional responses.

Answer: Limbic system

Question 11: Discuss how the structure of the corpus callosum facilitates communication between the two hemispheres of the brain.

Answer: The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, allowing for efficient communication and coordination of information between the two sides, which is essential for integrated brain function.