Question 1: Define the term 'cornea' and explain its role in the eye.

Answer: The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It helps to focus light onto the retina.

Question 2: Describe the function of the iris in regulating the amount of light entering the eye.

Answer: The iris controls the size of the pupil, contracting in bright light to reduce light entry and dilating in dim light to allow more light in.

Question 3: Multiple Choice: Which part of the eye is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?

Answer: Lens

Question 4: Fill in the blank: The __________ is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that detects light and sends signals to the brain.

Answer: retina

Question 5: Explain how the pupil size changes in response to different lighting conditions and why.

Answer: In bright light, the pupil constricts to reduce the amount of light entering the eye, protecting the retina. In dim light, the pupil dilates to allow more light in, improving vision.

Question 6: Calculate the power (in diopters) of a lens with a focal length of 0.25 meters used to correct vision.

Answer: Power (D) = 1 / focal length (m) = 1 / 0.25 = 4 diopters

Question 7: Identify the variable in an experiment where students test the effect of different light intensities on pupil size.

Answer: The variable is the light intensity.

Question 8: Describe one safety precaution students should take when conducting an experiment involving bright light sources.

Answer: Students should avoid looking directly at bright light sources to prevent eye damage.

Question 9: Data Analysis: A group observes that in a dim room, the pupil diameter increases from 2mm to 6mm. Explain what this change indicates about the eye's response.

Answer: This change indicates that the pupil dilates in response to low light conditions to allow more light into the eye, aiding vision.

Question 10: Discuss how understanding eye structure can be beneficial in designing corrective lenses and treatments for vision problems.

Answer: Understanding eye structure helps in designing lenses that correct specific refractive errors by compensating for issues like nearsightedness or farsightedness. It also aids in developing treatments such as laser surgery or contact lenses that improve or restore vision based on the anatomy and functioning of the eye components.