Question 1: Define In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and describe its main purpose.

Answer: IVF is a reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body in a laboratory setting, mainly to help couples with fertility issues conceive a child.

Question 2: List the main steps involved in the IVF process.

Answer: Ovary stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilization in lab, embryo culture, and embryo transfer to the uterus.

Question 3: Explain why IVF might be chosen over natural conception.

Answer: IVF is chosen when natural conception is difficult or impossible due to factors like blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count, or unexplained infertility.

Question 1: If an IVF clinic retrieves an average of 15 eggs per cycle and fertilizes 12 of them, what is the fertilization rate percentage? (Use the formula: Fertilization Rate = (Number of fertilized eggs / Number of eggs retrieved) x 100)

Answer: Fertilization Rate = (12 / 15) x 100 = 80%

Question 2: A laboratory has a success rate of 35% for embryo implantation. If 100 embryos are transferred, how many would you expect to successfully implant?

Answer: Expected successful implants = 100 x 0.35 = 35 embryos

Question 1: Describe the conditions necessary for successful embryo transfer during IVF.

Answer: Conditions include a suitable uterine environment, proper timing, and good embryo quality to increase chances of implantation.

Question 2: Identify two potential risks or complications associated with IVF procedures.

Answer: Risks include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies.

Question 3: Propose an ethical consideration related to the use of IVF technology.

Answer: One ethical consideration is the fate of unused embryos and the moral implications of embryo selection.

Question 1: A clinic reports a fertilization success rate of 75% from 20 retrieved eggs. How many eggs were successfully fertilized? How many were not fertilized?

Answer: Successfully fertilized eggs = 20 x 0.75 = 15; Not fertilized = 20 - 15 = 5

Question 1: Explain how advancements in IVF technology have impacted fertility treatments worldwide.

Answer: Advancements have increased success rates, reduced risks, and made fertility treatments accessible to more couples globally.

Question 2: Discuss one ethical issue that arises from the commercial use of IVF clinics.

Answer: One ethical issue is the commercialization of human reproductive material, leading to concerns about exploitation and inequality.