Question 1: Define aerobic respiration in your own words.

Answer: A biological process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).

Question 2: List the main stages of aerobic respiration.

Answer: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain.

Question 3: Describe the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration.

Answer: Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, enabling continuous flow of electrons and production of ATP.

Question 4: Calculate the total ATP molecules produced from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration. (Use approximate values: Glycolysis yields 2 ATP, Krebs cycle yields 2 ATP, Electron transport chain yields about 28 ATP.)

Answer: 32 ATP

Question 5: Which gas is a waste product of aerobic respiration?

Answer: Carbon dioxide

Question 6: Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate occurs during __________.

Answer: glycolysis

Question 7: Explain how aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration.

Answer: Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more energy (ATP) from glucose, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and yields less ATP, producing different waste products such as lactic acid or ethanol.

Question 8: Describe an experiment to measure the rate of aerobic respiration in yeast cells.

Answer: Prepare a suspension of yeast in a glucose solution, connect a respirometer to measure oxygen consumption or carbon dioxide production over time, and record the data to compare rates under different conditions.

Question 9: Identify two variables that could affect the rate of aerobic respiration in an experiment.

Answer: Temperature and substrate concentration (e.g., glucose levels).

Question 10: Interpret the following scenario: A person exercises vigorously, and their breathing rate increases significantly. Explain the biological reason for this change.

Answer: The increase in breathing rate supplies more oxygen to the muscles to meet the higher demand for aerobic respiration, producing more ATP needed for sustained activity.

Question 11: In the context of industry, how is aerobic respiration-related knowledge applied in biotechnology?

Answer: It is used in fermentation processes, biofuel production, and designing bioreactors for efficient energy generation and waste management.