Question 1: Explain in your own words what chlorine gas is and one common use of chlorine in industry.

Answer: Chlorine gas is a toxic greenish-yellow gas used in water purification and disinfectants.

Question 1: Describe the chemical test used to identify chlorine gas with a litmus paper.

Answer: Chlorine gas turns damp blue litmus paper red and then bleaches it white.

Question 2: What safety precautions should be taken when handling chlorine gas in experiments?

Answer: Use in a well-ventilated area, wear gloves and goggles, and avoid inhaling the gas.

Question 1: Calculate the volume of chlorine gas (in liters) produced at room temperature (25°C) and pressure (1 atm) when 2 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) reacts with an excess of bleach.

Answer: Using the reaction: 2NaCl + Cl₂ → 2NaCl + Cl₂, Moles of NaCl = 2 g / 58.44 g/mol ≈ 0.0342 mol. Volume = moles × 24.45 L/mol ≈ 0.837 liters.

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to test for the presence of chlorine gas in a sample. Include the variables involved and safety precautions.

Answer: To test for chlorine, bubble the gas through damp blue litmus paper; if the paper turns red then bleaches white, confirming chlorine. Variables include gas concentration and exposure time. Safety precautions: conduct in a fume hood, wear protective gear, and handle chlorine with care due to its toxicity.

Question 1: A sample of unknown gas turns damp litmus paper red and then bleaches it white. Describe the steps you would take to confirm if the gas is chlorine.

Answer: Test the gas with moist red litmus paper; if it turns blue then red and bleaches it, the gas is likely chlorine. Further confirmation can be done by exposing a small amount to a known chlorine test solution or using a chlorine detector.

Question 1: Explain why chlorine gas is both useful in water treatment and dangerous to handle. Include safety measures that should be followed during its use.

Answer: Chlorine gas is effective in killing bacteria and disinfecting water, making it essential for safe drinking water. However, it is toxic and can cause respiratory problems or burns upon contact. Safety measures include working in well-ventilated areas, using protective equipment, and following proper handling procedures to prevent leaks or accidental inhalation.

Question 1: Describe a common household product that contains chlorine and explain its purpose.

Answer: Bleach contains chlorine compounds and is used for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces.