Question 1: Define molar gas volume and state its value at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

Answer: Molar gas volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas at STP, which is 24 dm³.

Question 1: Explain why gases are assumed to have the same molar volume at STP regardless of their chemical nature.

Answer: Because gases behave ideally at STP, their particles occupy the same volume per mole, regardless of chemical identity.

Question 2: Describe what is meant by 'standard temperature and pressure' (STP).

Answer: STP is defined as a temperature of 0°C (273 K) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa).

Question 1: Calculate the volume in dm³ occupied by 3.5 moles of oxygen gas (O₂) at STP.

Answer: Volume = 3.5 mol × 24 dm³/mol = 84 dm³

Question 2: A sample of nitrogen gas (N₂) occupies 48 dm³ at STP. How many moles of nitrogen are present?

Answer: Number of moles = 48 dm³ ÷ 24 dm³/mol = 2 mol

Question 1: Identify three variables that must be controlled when measuring gas volume in a laboratory experiment.

Answer: Temperature, pressure, and the amount of gas (moles).

Question 2: List two safety precautions that should be taken when handling gases in experiments.

Answer: Ensure good ventilation and avoid inhaling gases directly.

Question 1: A scientist measures 12 dm³ of a gas at STP. How many moles of gas are present? Show your working.

Answer: Moles = 12 dm³ ÷ 24 dm³/mol = 0.5 mol

Question 2: If the measured volume of a gas doubles, what could be the possible change in the experimental conditions? Provide a brief explanation.

Answer: An increase in temperature or pressure could cause the gas volume to double, assuming amount of gas remains constant.

Question 1: A container holds 48 dm³ of a gas at STP. How many moles of gas does it contain? Show your calculations and reasoning.

Answer: Number of moles = 48 dm³ ÷ 24 dm³/mol = 2 mol. Therefore, the container contains 2 moles of gas.

Question 2: Explain why molar gas volume is an important concept in industries such as chemical manufacturing and environmental science.

Answer: Molar gas volume allows industries to accurately measure and control the amount of gases involved in reactions, ensuring safety, efficiency, and proper scaling of processes. It also aids in environmental monitoring by quantifying gas emissions based on volume.

Question 1: Describe how understanding molar gas volume is essential in the production of breathable oxygen in medical oxygen tanks.

Answer: It helps determine the amount of oxygen needed to fill a tank to a specific volume, ensuring the correct amount for medical use while maintaining safety standards.

Question 2: How does the concept of molar gas volume assist in environmental monitoring of greenhouse gases?

Answer: It allows scientists to convert gas volume measurements into moles, enabling accurate quantification of gas emissions and their impact on climate change.