Question 1: Molar gas volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

Answer: The volume occupied by one mole of gas at STP, which is 22.4 liters.

Question 1: Define 'molar volume' in the context of gases.

Answer: The volume occupied by one mole of a gas at standard conditions, typically 22.4 liters at STP.

Question 2: Why is the molar volume of gases considered constant at STP?

Answer: Because gases behave ideally at STP, meaning their molar volume stays approximately the same regardless of the gas type.

Question 1: Calculate the volume occupied by 3 moles of oxygen gas (O₂) at STP.

Answer: 67.2 liters

Question 2: How many moles of nitrogen gas (N₂) are present in a 44.8-liter container at STP?

Answer: 2 moles

Question 1: Describe a safe method to collect a sample of a gas in a laboratory experiment.

Answer: Use a gas syringe or a graduated container with safety precautions such as wearing goggles and ensuring proper ventilation.

Question 2: Identify two variables that could affect the volume of a gas in an experiment and how to control them.

Answer: Temperature and pressure; controlling them by maintaining constant temperature and using a pressure regulator.

Question 1: A sample of gas has a volume of 30 liters at STP. How many moles of gas does it contain?

Answer: Approximately 1.34 moles

Question 2: If the volume of the same amount of gas is increased to 44.8 liters, what change occurs in temperature if pressure remains constant?

Answer: The temperature increases proportionally, as volume is directly related to temperature at constant pressure.

Question 1: Explain why the molar volume of gases is considered constant at STP and how this property is useful in calculations.

Answer: Because gases behave ideally at STP, their molar volume remains approximately 22.4 liters regardless of the gas type. This allows chemists to easily calculate quantities of gases from their volumes and vice versa, simplifying many quantitative analyses.

Question 2: A scientist has 11.2 liters of hydrogen gas at STP. How many moles of hydrogen does this represent?

Answer: 0.5 moles

Question 1: Describe how understanding molar gas volume is important in the industrial production of ammonia via the Haber process.

Answer: Knowing the molar volumes helps optimize reactant quantities and conditions for efficient ammonia synthesis, reducing waste and increasing yield.

Question 2: Explain how the concept of molar gas volume can be applied in measuring and controlling emissions in environmental science.

Answer: It allows scientists to estimate the amount of gases released into the atmosphere based on their volume, enabling regulation and reduction of harmful emissions by calculating moles of pollutants emitted.