Question 1: The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process where certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warm enough to support life. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, have increased the concentration of these gases, leading to enhanced warming known as climate change. Explain in your own words what the Greenhouse Effect is and why it is important for Earth's temperature.

Answer: The Greenhouse Effect is the process by which certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, helping to maintain Earth's temperature. It is important because without it, the planet would be too cold for most life forms. Human activities have increased these gases, causing more heat to be trapped and leading to global warming.

Question 2: List three main greenhouse gases responsible for climate change.

Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

Question 3: Fill in the blank: The process by which greenhouse gases trap heat is called the ____________.

Answer: Greenhouse Effect

Question 1: Describe how greenhouse gases interact with solar radiation and Earth's infrared radiation.

Answer: Greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface after it absorbs solar energy. This process traps heat in the atmosphere, warming the planet.

Question 2: Explain why increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere lead to global warming.

Answer: Higher levels of carbon dioxide trap more infrared radiation, increasing the greenhouse effect and causing the Earth's temperature to rise.

Question 1: Calculate the amount of CO2 emitted if a factory burns 500 kg of coal, which produces 2.86 kg of CO2 per kg of coal burned. Use the formula: Emissions = mass of coal burned × emission factor.

Answer: 1430 kg

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the effect of increased carbon dioxide on plant growth. Include the variables involved and safety precautions.

Answer: Set up two identical plant containers; in one, add a source of CO2 (like baking soda and vinegar). Keep other conditions constant. Observe plant growth over time. Variables include CO2 level (independent), plant growth (dependent), and light, temperature, soil in control. Safety precautions involve handling acids carefully and ensuring proper ventilation.

Question 1: A country reports an increase of 20% in atmospheric CO2 over the last 50 years. Discuss how this increase could impact global temperatures and what measures could be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Answer: An increase of CO2 enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to higher global temperatures, climate change, and associated impacts like sea level rise and extreme weather. Measures to reduce emissions include transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and enforcing emission regulations.