Question 1: What is the greenhouse effect? Provide a brief explanation.

Answer: The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, warming the planet.

Question 2: List three major greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.

Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O).

Question 3: Explain how human activities such as burning fossil fuels affect the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Answer: Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, increasing their concentration and enhancing the greenhouse effect.

Question 1: If a factory emits 2000 kg of CO2 per day, how many grams of CO2 does it emit daily? (Note: 1 kg = 1000 g)

Answer: 2,000,000 grams

Question 2: Calculate the increase in global temperature if the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere rises from 350 ppm to 420 ppm, assuming each 100 ppm increase causes a 0.3°C rise in temperature. Show your calculations.

Answer: Increase = (420 - 350) ppm / 100 ppm * 0.3°C = 0.21°C

Question 1: Describe a simple experimental method to measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced when burning a small piece of wood in a closed container.

Answer: Burn the wood in a sealed container and measure the change in gas volume or use a CO2 sensor to detect the amount of carbon dioxide released during combustion, ensuring safety precautions like ventilation and protective gear.

Question 2: Identify two safety precautions that should be taken when conducting experiments involving greenhouse gases.

Answer: Use protective goggles and gloves; ensure proper ventilation to avoid buildup of gases.

Question 1: A region's average atmospheric CO2 concentration increased from 380 ppm to 410 ppm over 20 years. Describe the potential effects of this increase on local climate and weather patterns.

Answer: The increase in CO2 could lead to higher temperatures, more frequent heatwaves, altered rainfall patterns, and possibly more severe storms in the region.

Question 2: If global efforts successfully reduce CO2 emissions by 50%, what is the expected impact on the greenhouse effect and global temperature rise?

Answer: Reducing CO2 emissions by 50% would slow the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels, potentially stabilizing or reducing the rate of temperature rise and mitigating some effects of climate change.

Question 1: Explain how the greenhouse effect contributes to maintaining Earth's climate and what might happen if greenhouse gases continue to increase rapidly.

Answer: The greenhouse effect traps heat in Earth's atmosphere through greenhouse gases like CO2, CH4, and N2O. This process keeps the planet warm enough to support life. However, if greenhouse gases increase rapidly due to human activities, it leads to excessive warming, climate change, melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events.

Question 2: Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

Answer: Oxygen (O2)

Question 1: Describe how carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology can help reduce greenhouse gases emitted by factories.

Answer: CCS captures CO2 emissions from factories and power plants, then compresses and stores it underground to prevent it from entering the atmosphere, thereby reducing the greenhouse effect.

Question 2: Name one renewable energy source that can help decrease reliance on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Answer: Solar energy.